A comparison of the organization of longitudinal and circular contractions during pendular and segmental activity in the duodenum of the rat and guinea pig

Lentle, Roger G.; Loubens, Clément de; Hulls, Corrin; Janssen, Patrick; Golding, Matt; Chambers, J.P.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2012.01923.x

Cited by 45 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…segmentation [10 -12] and non-propagating longitudinal contractions, i.e. pendular contractions [13], has not been rigorously evaluated, chiefly as the relative magnitudes of the component contractile processes have not been quantified until recently [10,14]. We hypothesized that non-propagating contractions should allow an efficient mixing of the lumen contents in the absence of propulsion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the recent description of the component zones of longitudinal contractions in discrete stationary domains that together engender pendular movements [14] in the proximal duodenum (the region between the pylorus of the stomach and the pancreatic duct) enables the effects on mixing to be modelled (figure 1). Furthermore, the direct incorporation of these recorded datasets into suitable fluid mechanical models may allow a more detailed evaluation of the mechanics of the mixing that they engender.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluid mechanical consequences of pendular activity, segmentation and pyloric outflow in the proximal duodenum of the rat and the guinea pig

Loubens

Lentle

Love

et al. 2013

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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We conducted numerical experiments to study the influence of non-propagating longitudinal and circular contractions, i.e. pendular activity and segmentation, respectively, on flow and mixing in the proximal duodenum. A lattice-Boltzmann numerical method was developed to simulate the fluid mechanical consequences for each of 22 randomly selected sequences of high-definition video of real longitudinal and radial contractile activity in the isolated proximal duodenum of the rat and guinea pig. During pendular activity in the rat duodenum, the flow was characterized by regions of high shear rate. Mixing was so governed by shearing deformation of the fluid that increased the interface between adjacent domains and accelerated their interdiffusion (for diffusion coefficients approx. less than 10 28 m 2 s 21). When pendular activity was associated with a slow gastric outflow characteristic of post-prandial period, the dispersion was also improved, especially near the walls. Mixing was not promoted by isolated segmentative contractions in the guinea pig duodenum and not notably influenced by pylorus outflow. We concluded that pendular activity generates mixing of viscous fluids 'in situ' and accelerates the diffusive mass transfer, whereas segmentation may be more important in mixing particulate suspensions with high solid volume ratios.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid mechanical consequences of pendular activity, segmentation and pyloric outflow in the proximal duodenum of the rat and the guinea pig

Loubens

Lentle

Love

et al. 2013

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…The construction of STmaps and analysis of changes in motility pattern have been applied to key questions in the gastrointestinal motility of intestine and colon. These include: differentiation of neurogenic and myogenic contractions and defining the role of interstitial cells of Cajal 6,9,11,12,16,24,26,27,[29][30][31]33,[37][38][39][40]42 , understanding the complex interactions between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers 2,7,8,11,12,32,39,40 , examining the effects of intraluminal nutrients 10,18,19 , microbial strains 34 , and viscosities 12,36 on various motility patterns, and understanding the role of various endogenous neurohormonal agents and exogenous pharmacological agents 2,[4][5][6][7]9,10,[13][14][15][16][17]28,35,40 in the generation and modification of motility...…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Video recording and spatiotemporal mapping of intestinal and colonic segments have been applied to a variety of species including zebrafish 26 , mouse 25,[27][28][29][30] , rat 7,9,[30][31][32][33] , guinea pig 5,6,8,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19]24,30,32,34,35 , brushtail possum 12,36 , rabbit 2,30,37,38 , chicken 39 , pig 40,41 and human 42 . The most widely studied species is the guinea pig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Mapping of Motility in <em>Ex Vivo</em> Preparations of the Intestines

Kendig

Hurst

Grider

2016

JoVE

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Multiple approaches have been used to record and evaluate gastrointestinal motility including: recording changes in muscle tension, intraluminal pressure, and membrane potential. All of these approaches depend on measurement of activity at one or multiple locations along the gut simultaneously which are then interpreted to provide a sense of overall motility patterns. Recently, the development of video recording and spatiotemporal mapping (STmap) techniques have made it possible to observe and analyze complex patterns in ex vivo whole segments of colon and intestine. Once recorded and digitized, video records can be converted to STmaps in which the luminal diameter is converted to grayscale or color [called diameter maps (Dmaps)]. STmaps can provide data on motility direction (i.e., stationary, peristaltic, antiperistaltic), velocity, duration, frequency and strength of contractile motility patterns. Advantages of this approach include: analysis of interaction or simultaneous development of different motility patterns in different regions of the same segment, visualization of motility pattern changes over time, and analysis of how activity in one region influences activity in another region. Video recordings can be replayed with different timescales and analysis parameters so that separate STmaps and motility patterns can be analyzed in more detail. This protocol specifically details the effects of intraluminal fluid distension and intraluminal stimuli that affect motility generation. The use of luminal receptor agonists and antagonists provides mechanistic information on how specific patterns are initiated and how one pattern can be converted into another pattern. The technique is limited by the ability to only measure motility that causes changes in luminal diameter, without providing data on intraluminal pressure changes or muscle tension, and by the generation of artifacts based upon experimental setup; although, analysis methods can account for these issues. When compared to previous techniques the video recording and STmap approach provides a more comprehensive understanding of gastrointestinal motility. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at

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“…13 In this study, then, we examined the responses of electrical field stimulation (EFS) on both lesional and normal colonic longitudinal muscle strips (LMS) derived from ESC patients with SV and patients who underwent colon resection for colonic cancers by mechanogram.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Enteric Nervous System in the Elongated Sigmoid Colon of Patients With Sigmoid Volvulus

Tomita

Sugitou

Sakurai

et al. 2014

International Surgery

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To clarify the physiologic function of the enteric nervous system (ENS) in the elongated sigmoid colon (ESC) of patients with sigmoid volvulus (SV), we examined the enteric nerve responses in lesional and normal longitudinal muscle strips (LMS) derived from patients with ESC and patients who underwent colon resection for colonic cancers. Thirty preparations of LMS were taken from the lesional sigmoid colons of 10 ESC patients with SV (8 men and 2 women, aged 53 to 80 years, mean 66.2 years). Forty preparations of LMS were taken from the normal sigmoid colons (NSC) of 20 patients with colonic cancer (12 men and 8 women, aged 55 to 76 years, mean 62.3 years). A mechanographic technique was used to evaluate in vitro muscle responses to electrical field stimulation (EFS) before and after treatment with various autonomic nerve blockers. Response to EFS before blockade of the adrenergic and cholinergic nerves was as follows: NSC and ESC significantly demonstrated relaxation reaction rather than contraction reaction (P ¼ 0.0253, P , 0.0001, respectively). ESC showed relaxation reaction more than NSC (P ¼ 0.1138). Response to EFS after blockade of the adrenergic and cholinergic nerves was as follows: NSC and ESC significantly demonstrated relaxation reaction via nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) inhibitory nerves rather than contraction reaction via NANC excitatory nerves (P , 0.0001, P , 0.0001, respectively). ESC with SV significantly showed relaxation reaction more than NSC (P ¼ 0.0092). An increased response of relaxation mediated NANC inhibitory nerves may play a role in impaired motility in the ESC of patients with SV.

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A comparison of the organization of longitudinal and circular contractions during pendular and segmental activity in the duodenum of the rat and guinea pig

Cited by 45 publications

References 41 publications

Fluid mechanical consequences of pendular activity, segmentation and pyloric outflow in the proximal duodenum of the rat and the guinea pig

Fluid mechanical consequences of pendular activity, segmentation and pyloric outflow in the proximal duodenum of the rat and the guinea pig

Spatiotemporal Mapping of Motility in <em>Ex Vivo</em> Preparations of the Intestines

Role of the Enteric Nervous System in the Elongated Sigmoid Colon of Patients With Sigmoid Volvulus

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