A comparison of the portfolio low-carbohydrate diet and the ketogenic diet in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Najafabadi, Maryam Sharifi; Moludi, Jalal; Salimi, Yahya; Saber, Amir

doi:10.1186/s13063-023-07569-6

Cited by 2 publications

References 36 publications

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The effects of portfolio moderate-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets on anthropometric indices, metabolic status, and hormonal levels in overweight or obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

Sharifi,

Saber,

Moludi

et al. 2024

Nutr J

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Background Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal disorders in reproductive-age women caused by hyperinsulinemia. The portfolio Moderate-carbohydrate diet (PMCD) is a plant-based diet with a carbohydrate content of 40% and incorporates five cholesterol-lowering foods. While, the ketogenic diet is a high-fat diet with 70% fat, promoting a ketosis state. To the best of our knowledge, no study compared the therapeutic effects of these two diets in PCOS patients. Thus, this study aimed to compare the impact of PLCD and KD on anthropometric indices, metabolic status, and hormonal levels in overweight or obese women with PCOS. Methods This open-label, randomized clinical trial was conducted on forty-six PCOS women. 21 women in PMCD and 19 in the KD group completed the study. The anthropometric indices including body mass index (BMI) and fat body mass (FBM), metabolic markers (fasting blood glucose (FBG)) and plasma lipid profiles including low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) were measured. Reproductive hormones such as luteinizing hormone (LH), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-s) and free testosterone were assessed at the baseline and after the intervention. Results However, after 8 weeks both diets demonstrated enhancement in anthropometric indices (BMI, FBM, lean body mass), metabolic status (FBG, insulin serum levels), and reproductive hormones such as LH, free testosterone, and DHEA-s. The mean difference in the KD improved more than the PMCD in the field of BMI reduction (MD (SD) 2.73 (0.351) vs. MD (SD) 1.71 (0.775)) and LH (MD 4.13 (1.375) vs.MD 2.46 (1.105)). Nevertheless, the lipid profile including LDL-C and triglycerides improved more in the PMCD compared to the KD (MD 33.95 (7.345) vs. MD 23.34 (14.136)) and (MD 38.20 (10.757) vs. MD 57.62 (21.688)) respectively. There were no significant changes in the Ferriman-Gallwey score within or between the two groups. Conclusion The findings revealed that both diets were effective in improving PCOS manifestations. However, the KD exhibited greater effectiveness in enhancing body measurements, metabolic factors, and reproductive hormone levels compared to the PMCD in obese PCOS women. Furthermore, PMCD could be more beneficial for PCOS women with lipide disorders. Registration number of clinical trial IRCT20200912048693N3, Trial registered 2022–12–14. https://www.irct.ir/trial/67548

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The effects of portfolio moderate-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets on anthropometric indices, metabolic status, and hormonal levels in overweight or obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

Sharifi,

Saber,

Moludi

et al. 2024

Nutr J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The Effects of the Portfolio Low-Carbohydrate Diet versus the Ketogenic Diet on Anthropometric Indices, Metabolic Status, and Hormonal Levels in Overweight or Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sharifi,

Moludi,

Salimi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age. It is believed that excessive androgen production is primarily caused by hyperinsulinemia, making it the main factor in the development of PCOS. The portfolio low-carbohydrate diet (PLCD) is a plant-based diet with a carbohydrate content of 40% and incorporates five cholesterol-lowering foods. While, the ketogenic diet is a high-fat diet that 70% of its calories come from fat, promoting a ketosis state. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study compared the therapeutic effects of these two diets in PCOS patients. Thus, this study aimed to compare the impact of PLCD and KD on anthropometric indices, metabolic status, and hormonal levels in overweight or obese women with PCOS. Methods This randomized clinical trial was conducted on forty-six overweight or obese women diagnosed with PCOS. Participants were randomly allocated into either the PLCD or the KD group for 8 weeks. The anthropometric indices including body mass index (BMI), fat body mass (FBM), and waist circumference (WC), as well as metabolic markers including fasting blood glucose (FBG), plasma insulin levels, HOMA-IR, and plasma lipid profiles including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL), were measured. Reproductive hormones including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone, as well as Ferriman Gallwey score were assessed at the baseline and after the intervention. Results After 8 weeks, both diets demonstrated enhancements in anthropometric, metabolic, and reproductive hormonal status. However, the mean difference in weight reduction, BMI, WC, FBG, HOMA-IR, LH, and FSH was significantly greater in the KD group than in the PLCD group (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, plasma lipid profiles including TC, LDL, and HDL indicated more improvement in the PLCD compared to the KD group. There were no significant changes in the Ferriman-Gallwey score within or between the two groups. Conclusions The study findings revealed that both the PLCD and the KD diets were effective in improving PCOS manifestations. However, the KD exhibited greater effectiveness in enhancing body measurements, metabolic factors, and hormone levels compared to the PLCD in women with PCOS. Registration number of Clinical Trial: IRCT20200912048693N3, Trial registered 2022–12–14. https://www.irct.ir/trial/67548

show abstract

A comparison of the portfolio low-carbohydrate diet and the ketogenic diet in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Cited by 2 publications

References 36 publications

The effects of portfolio moderate-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets on anthropometric indices, metabolic status, and hormonal levels in overweight or obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

The effects of portfolio moderate-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets on anthropometric indices, metabolic status, and hormonal levels in overweight or obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

The Effects of the Portfolio Low-Carbohydrate Diet versus the Ketogenic Diet on Anthropometric Indices, Metabolic Status, and Hormonal Levels in Overweight or Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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