A comparison of the proximate, fibre, mineral content, amino acid and the fatty acid profile of Marula (<scp>Sclerocarya birrea</scp>caffra) nut and soyabean (<scp>Glycine max</scp>) meals

Malebana, I.M.M.; Nkosi, B.D.; Erlwanger, Kennedy H.; Chivandi, Eliton

doi:10.1002/jsfa.8604

Cited by 27 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The extent of fatty acid content of the meat has been associated with the composition of the diet ( Raes et al., 2004 ). Partially defatted MNM contains high content oleic acid (76.08 to 77.81%), palmitic acid (12.36 to 14.16%) and linoleic acid (7.15 to 7.20%) ( Malebana et al., 2018 ) and the hexane-extracted MNM used in the current study contained 65.93% oleic acid, 14.16% palmitic acid and 6.68% linoleic acid. The breast meat from Japanese quail is reported to contain 34.13 to 34.65% total saturated fatty acids (TSFA), 40.70 to 49.70% total monounsaturated fatty acids (TMUFA) and 13.81 to 24.98% total polyunsaturated fatty acids (TPUFA) ( Gecgel et al., 2015 ; Genchev et al., 2008 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The effect of dietary Marula nut meal on the physical properties, proximate and fatty acid content of Japanese quail meat

Mazizi

Erlwanger

Chivandi

2020

Veterinary and Animal Science

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Soyabean meal (SBM) is the major dietary protein source for the poultry industry in sub-Saharan Africa. Due to inadequate local soyabean production, alternative protein sources are required. Two hundred 9-day old Japanese quail chicks were randomly allocated to grower diets wherein Marula nut meal (MNM) substituted SBM on a crude protein (CP) basis at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and fed for 4 weeks, followed by being fed on similarly formulated finisher diets for 2 weeks, and thereafter they were humanely slaughtered and dressed. Initial pH (pH i ) and ultimate (pH u ), colour, thawing loss (TL), cooking loss (CL), tenderness, proximate and fatty acid (FA) composition of the breast and thigh meat were determined. The results showed that pH i and pH u of meat from carcasses of quail fed diet 1 was lower, but had lighter and less red meat than that from counterparts fed diet 5 ( P < 0.01). Dietary MNM had no effect (P>0.05) on TL, CL and tenderness of the meat. The ash content of the meat increased with an increase in dietary MNM, but its CP and fat decreased ( P < 0.05). In addition, the total saturated FA content of meat from birds fed diet 4 was lower ( P < 0.05) than other counterparts. Meat from birds fed diets 1 and 2 had a lower oleic acid (OA) content in comparison to meat from birds fed diets 3, 4 and 5. MNM can potentially be utilised in quail feeds without compromising the physical and proximate properties of the meat. Also, it can be used to produce lean but OA-rich meat with possible potential health benefits to consumers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The effect of dietary Marula nut meal on the physical properties, proximate and fatty acid content of Japanese quail meat

Mazizi

Erlwanger

Chivandi

2020

Veterinary and Animal Science

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“…Rich) nut cake (ANC) is a by-product that is derived from oil extraction of the dry seeds of ripe amarula fruit, an indigenous fruit tree that is widely distributed throughout the Sub-Saharan Africa (Mthiyane and Mhlanga, 2017). Research has shown that ANC contains crude protein (CP) that ranges from 325 to 470 g/kg dry matter (DM) (Mthiyane and Mhlanga, 2017, Malebana et al, 2018, Nkosi et al, 2019, comparable to that of SBM, but higher than that of other conventional protein sources such as canola seed meal (270 g CP/kg DM, NRC, 2001). The ANC contains ether extract (EE) that ranges from 344 to 498 g EE/kg DM (Mthiyane and Mhlanga, 2017, Malebana et al, 2018, Nkosi et al, 2019, which depends on the processing method for oil extraction (Malebana et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research has shown that ANC contains crude protein (CP) that ranges from 325 to 470 g/kg dry matter (DM) (Mthiyane and Mhlanga, 2017, Malebana et al, 2018, Nkosi et al, 2019, comparable to that of SBM, but higher than that of other conventional protein sources such as canola seed meal (270 g CP/kg DM, NRC, 2001). The ANC contains ether extract (EE) that ranges from 344 to 498 g EE/kg DM (Mthiyane and Mhlanga, 2017, Malebana et al, 2018, Nkosi et al, 2019, which depends on the processing method for oil extraction (Malebana et al, 2018). The high fat content in ANC could provide su cient energy in diets and allow pigs to improve feed e ciency, daily gains and thus increase muscle accretion (De la Llata et al, 2001, Stephenson et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics of pigs fed diets containing amarula (Sclerocarya birrea A. Rich) nut cake as replacement to soybean meal

Mabena

Ratsaka

Nkukwana

et al. 2021

Trop Anim Health Prod

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This experiment evaluated varying levels of Amarula (Sclerocarya birrea A. Rich) nut cake (ANC) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics in pigs. Thirty Large White × Landrace (LW × LR) pigs were strati ed by weight (average live weight of 20 ± 5 kg) and randomly allocated to the ve experimental diets that contained 0 (control), 50, 100, 150 and 200 g ANC/kg DM. Each pig served as a replicate unit, housed individually. Bodyweight, feed intake, average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded weekly throughout the trial period. On completion of the growth trial, following a 3-day adaptation, a nutrient digestibility study was conducted over 5 days. Thereafter, pigs were fasted for twelve hours, weighed, slaughtered, and carcass samples were collected for analysis. Feed intake was not affected by dietary treatment, but ADGs were reduced at ANC levels > 15%, resulting in poor FCR. Protein digestibility was reduced at ANC levels > 15%, while ether extract and bre levels increased. Warm and cold carcass weights were lower at ANC levels > 15, with improved meat redness and lightness. It was concluded that ANC could replace SBM in the diet of growing pigs at less than 15% inclusion level.

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“…The main reaction reagents include various kinds of quinolines [31–34], aromatic amines, aliphatic amines, H‐phosphite (diphenylphosphite, dibenzylphosphite), and so forth, all of which are commercially available by Aladdin, and all of which are produced by Anarchic Reagent or Bailingwei Reagent Company; Diethyl h‐phosphite and di‐isopropyl H‐phosphite were both prepared by the method reported in the previous literature. All the solvents used are the 500 mL bottled reagent of Romeo.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity prediction of aminoquinoline drugs based on deep learning

Wang

Chen

Zhu

et al. 2020

Biotech and App Biochem

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The results of the traditional prediction method for the activity of aminoquinoline drugs are inaccurate, so the prediction method for the activity of aminoquinoline drugs based on the deep learning is designed. The molecular holographic distance vector method was used to describe the molecular structure of 40 aminoquinoline compounds, and the principal component regression method was used for modeling and quantitative analysis. Two methods were used to predict the activity of aminoquinoline drugs. The correlation coefficients of the results obtained from the two sets of activity data and the cross test were 0.9438 and 0.9737, and 0.8305 and 0.9098, respectively. Our data suggested that method for the activity prediction of aminoquinoline drugs based on deep learning studied in this paper can better predict the activity of aminoquinoline drugs and provide a strong basis for the activity prediction of aminoquinoline drugs.

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A comparison of the proximate, fibre, mineral content, amino acid and the fatty acid profile of Marula (Sclerocarya birreacaffra) nut and soyabean (Glycine max) meals

Abstract: The low crude protein content in MNMs compared to SBM is comparable with other conventional dietary protein sources. Thus, the MNMs could be used as protein and energy feed ingredients. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

The effect of dietary Marula nut meal on the physical properties, proximate and fatty acid content of Japanese quail meat

The effect of dietary Marula nut meal on the physical properties, proximate and fatty acid content of Japanese quail meat

Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics of pigs fed diets containing amarula (Sclerocarya birrea A. Rich) nut cake as replacement to soybean meal

Activity prediction of aminoquinoline drugs based on deep learning

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