A Comparison of the Reliability of Five Sleep Questionnaires for the Detection of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the reliability of five sleep questionnaires in detecting the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The study was conducted on a group of 201 patients. The patients completed five sleep questionnaires: the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the STOP-Bang questionnaire, the STOP questionnaire, the Berlin questionnaire (BQ) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Subsequently, the patients were examined using limited polygraphy, and the sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaires were evaluated. The STOP-Bang, Berlin and STOP questionnaires had the highest sensitivity for OSA detection (81.6%, 78.7%, and 74.2%, respectively), while the sensitivities of PSQI and ESS were low (50.8% and 34.5%). The ESS, STOP-Bang, STOP and Berlin questionnaires had the highest specificity (82.6%, 75%, 61.9%, and 61.9%). In our sample, we found the STOP-Bang and Berlin questionnaires to be the most suitable for OSA screening with the highest sensitivities (81.6%, 78.7%) and satisfactory specificities (75%, 61.9%). The STOP questionnaire was also relatively reliable, especially given its time-saving nature; though short, it preserved satisfactory sensitivity (74.2%) and specificity (61.9%). The ESS and PSQI were unsuitable for OSA screening.

The impact of obesity, age, and gender on plasmatic levels of selected glycoprotein biomarkers and miRNA-499 in OSA patients

“…The two groups were comparable in age (p = 0.2048) and gender (p = 0.1443), as shown in Table 1. The control group was screened for any potential factors that could affect the results, such as diseases or the presence of obstructive sleep apnea, through routine examinations during preventive check-ups at the University Hospital in Pilsen and the results of the Berlin questionnaire (Solecká et al, 2022).…”

No Difference in Sleep Desaturations Severity between Patients with Wake-Up and Non-Wake-Up Stroke: A PRESS Study Results

“…A “gold standard” diagnostic tool for sleep apnea, polysomnography, is used in the majority of the studies [ 19 , 20 , 21 ], although other simpler sleep monitoring tools of home polygraphy (PG) are also used [ 22 , 23 ]. The use of questionnaires (Berlin questionnaire, STOP-BANG, Epworth Sleepiness Scale) in sleep apnea assessment in stroke subjects is limited by their low sensitivity and specificity [ 24 , 25 ]. PSG, like the most complex investigation, provides information on all important markers of SAS including a hypnogram but it is connected with patient hospitalization-associated stress and is equipment-demanding (educated staff as well as expensive devices).…”

Obstructive sleep apnea detection during wakefulness: a comprehensive methodological review

“…Their predictive value was not increased by combining various surveys. Yet, another more recent study compared the reliability of different questionnaires in the detection of OSA on 201 subjects with different OSA severity, where the subjects completed five different types of questionnaires: the ESS questionnaire, the STOP-Bang questionnaire, the STOP questionnaire, the BQ questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) [ 91 ]. Moreover, the subjects were examined using limited PSG, and the performance of the questionnaires was evaluated.…”

“…Moreover, for nine out of ten questions, a degree of agreement between the subject's and his or her partner’s self-reported responses (kappa statistics, 0.34 to 0.57). Finally, combined with gender and BMI increased prediction by 10% (ROC area, 0.87) [ 19 ] 17 articles with a 9206 total number of subjects Using STOP-Bang threshold of 3 for the clinic and surgical populations, listed respectively in the following: For AHI ≥ 5, 90 and 84% sensitivity and 49 and 43% specificity; for AHI ≥ 15, 94 and 91% sensitivity and 34 and 32% specificity; for AHI ≥ 30 were 96 and 96% sensitivity and 25 and 29% specificity [ 90 ] 1853 patients Testing results: for AHI of 5, sensitivity (50%, 95%) and specificity (14%, 78%); for AHI of 15, sensitivity (54%, 97.6%) and specificity (12.7%, 74.4%); for AHI of 30, sensitivity (57%, 98.7%) and specificity (9.9%, 69.3%) [ 91 ] 24 with AHI < 5, 28 with 5 ≤ AHI < 15, 65 with 15 ≤ AHI < 30, and 84 with AHI ≥ 30 STOP-Bang and Berlin’s questionnaires demonstrated the highest sensitivity (81.6% and 78.7%, respectively), while ESS exhibited the highest specificity (82.6%) …”