A comparison of the shuttle and 6 minute walking tests with measured peak oxygen consumption in patients with heart failure

Green, D.J.; Watts, Katie; Rankin, Sarah; Wong, Pui-Mun; O'Driscoll, J.

doi:10.1016/s1440-2440(01)80038-4

Cited by 70 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Since the MCID in the 6MWT has been proposed to be about 50 m (Redelmeier et al 1997), the increase of 57.9 m in II/III group of our study was significant clinically as well as statistically. We also evaluated the exercise capacity using the SWT, since Green et al (2001) showed that the correlation of the SWT with the V 4 O 2 peak is better than that for the 6MWT. The results showed that the walking distance of SWT in II/III group patients was improved after PR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine Is a Potential Indicator for Estimating Pulmonary Rehabilitation-Induced Oxidative Stress in COPD Patients

Nemoto

Oh‐ishi

Itoh

et al. 2014

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the most common chronic lung disease and is an important cause of morbidity worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) improves the oxidant/antioxidant imbalance, exercise capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with different stages of COPD. Eighteen stable COPD patients participated in 8-week PR; the exercise intensity was set at 70% of the V 4 O 2 peak. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: moderate to severe (stages II/III: n = 12) and very severe COPD with FEV 1 < 30% predicted (stage IV: n = 6). In patients at stages II/III, PR improved exercise capacity (6-minute walking test: 431.2 ± 26.6 vs. 489.1 ± 26.5 m, P < 0.01 and shuttle walking test: 329.2 ± 41.4 vs. 378.2 ± 41.5 m, P < 0.01) and HRQL, whereas no significant change was observed in erythrocyte lipid peroxidation and urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, a marker for DNA damage. In contrast, PR for stage IV patients did not improve exercise capacity and HRQL, but significantly increased urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (14.5 ± 1.7 vs. 24.3 ± 2.6 ng/mg Cr, P < 0.05). In both groups, erythrocyte antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) did not change significantly after PR. Thus, urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine is a useful indicator for the PR-induced oxidative stress in COPD patients. In conclusion, appropriate exercise program in COPD patients can improve exercise capacity and HRQL without further increase of oxidative stress. However, PR for very severe COPD patients enhanced exercise-induced oxidative stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine Is a Potential Indicator for Estimating Pulmonary Rehabilitation-Induced Oxidative Stress in COPD Patients

Nemoto

Oh‐ishi

Itoh

et al. 2014

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…Greater cardiorespiratory stress in response to ISWT compared to the 6MWT has been described by some authors [8,32,33]. Morales et al [32] and Green et al [33] compared the ISWT with the 6MWT in patients with heart failure, and Onorati et al [8] compared these two tests in patients with COPD. The results showed that the changes from baseline in heart rate, systolic blood pressure and dyspnea index were significantly higher after the ISWT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Incremental Shuttle Walk Test in Older Brazilian Adults

Jürgensen

Antunes²,

Tanni

et al. 2010

Respiration

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Background: Despite widespread use of the incremental shuttle walk distance (ISWD), there are no reference equations for predicting it. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate ISWD in healthy subjects and to establish a reference equation for its prediction. Methods: 131 Brazilian individuals (61 males; 59 ± 10 years) performed 2 walk tests in a 10-m long corridor. We assessed height, weight, body mass index, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced vital capacity and self-reported physical activity. Results: Mean ISWD was greater in males than in females (606 ± 167 vs. 443 ± 117 m; p < 0.001). ISWD correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with age (r = –0.51), height (r = 0.54) and weight (r = 0.20). A predictive model including age, height, weight and gender explained 50.3% of the ISWD variance. In an additional group of 20 subjects prospectively studied, the difference between measured and predicted ISWD was not statistically significant (534 ± 84 vs. 552 ± 87 m, respectively), representing 97 ± 12% of the predicted value calculated with our reference equation for ISWD. Conclusions: This reference equation including demographic and anthropomorphic attributes could be useful for interpreting the walking performance of patients with chronic diseases that affect exercise capacity.

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“…Oxygen saturation (SpO2) was measured continuously using a finger between pV O2 and SWT performance in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) has been reported. 8, 9 The purpose of this study was to compare the utility and safety of the SWT, which is an objective, externally paced, and easily standardized field test, to that of the 6MWT in clinical practice to evaluate exercise capacity in patients with PAH.…”

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confidence: 99%

Incremental Shuttle Walk Test as a Valuable Assessment of Exercise Performance in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Irisawa

Takeuchi

Inui

et al. 2014

Circ J

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Circulation Journal Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society http://www. j-circ.or.jp chievement of reliable results in clinical trials requires an accurate assessment technique. Many clinical trials investigating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have used the 6-min walk test (6MWT) as a clinical endpoint. Measurement of peak oxygen consumption (pV O2) and oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold (V O2 at AT) via indirect calorimetry provides an objective, reliable and non-invasive technique to assess exercise tolerance in patients with various cardiac diseases. Furthermore, V O2 at AT describes the highest V O2 that the patient can sustain without developing lactic acidosis, and appears to be an independent marker of PAH severity. 1 In the Sitaxsentan Therapy for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (STRIDE-1) study, pV O2 was adopted as the clinical endpoint. 2 Measurement of pV O2, however, requires sophisticated equipment, laboratory facilities, and highly trained personnel. As a result, this test is not widely used and is often confined to large hospitals or research centers. These tests are also expensive and time-consuming, and may not be practical for frequent assessments or large groups of patients. Because of these limitations, field exercise tests such as the submaximal 6MWT have been developed as inexpensive and simple alternative measures of exercise tolerance. 3 The 6MWT measures the distance a patient can voluntarily traverse in a 6-min period. The test protocol, however, is selfpaced, difficult to standardize, and potentially influenced by motivation and encouragement. In addition, the 6MWT has only a moderate correlation with pV O2, 4 and is not a reliable predictor of mortality in patients with congestive heart failure. 5 The development of a simple objective field test that is more highly predictive of pV O2 and easily standardized and used is therefore desirable for patients with PAH.An incremental, externally paced 10-m shuttle walk test (SWT) has been developed for patients with chronic airway limitation. This test is highly reliable and reproducible after only 1 practice walk. 6 In contrast, the 6MWT requires at least 2 practice trials to obtain reliable results. 3 Most importantly, SWT performance relates strongly to pV O2 (r=0.88) in patients with chronic airway limitation, 7 and a strong relationship Background: Nearly all clinical trials investigating patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have used the 6-min walk test (6MWT) to evaluate exercise tolerance. The incremental shuttle walk test (SWT), however, has been proposed as a more valid and reproducible alternative to the 6MWT in the evaluation of exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The efficacy of SWT in clinical practice to evaluate the exercise capacity of patients with PAH was investigated.

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A comparison of the shuttle and 6 minute walking tests with measured peak oxygen consumption in patients with heart failure

Cited by 70 publications

References 13 publications

Urinary 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine Is a Potential Indicator for Estimating Pulmonary Rehabilitation-Induced Oxidative Stress in COPD Patients

Urinary 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine Is a Potential Indicator for Estimating Pulmonary Rehabilitation-Induced Oxidative Stress in COPD Patients

The Incremental Shuttle Walk Test in Older Brazilian Adults

Incremental Shuttle Walk Test as a Valuable Assessment of Exercise Performance in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

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