A Comparison of the Success of Electrophoretic Methods and DNA Fingerprinting for Paternity Testing in Captive Groups of Rhesus Macaques

Two different approaches were used to identify new microsatellite polymorphisms among captive Bolivian squirrel monkeys (Saimiri boliviensis). In the first case, PCR primers for published human microsatellite loci were screened using genomic DNA from squirrel monkeys. Six polymorphic loci were identified using DNA samples from 19 unrelated individuals. The average heterozygosity among these six loci is 0.73. In the second set of experiments, a DNA library was created from Saimiri genomic DNA, and clones were selected from that library by screening with probes containing di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide repeats. Six novel microsatellites were identified this way, with an average heterozygosity of 0.59. Primer pairs for these six cloned microsatellites were also screened using a series of DNA samples from ten other platyrrhine species to assess the potential utility of these loci in other taxa. This study provides 12 new DNA polymorphisms that will be useful for various studies of this genus and demonstrates that both approaches can be used to develop new DNA polymorphisms in platyrrhine species.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite polymorphisms in Bolivian squirrel monkeys (Saimiri boliviensis)

Witte

Rogers

1999

“…Those loci found to be polymorphic in early studies of rhesus macaques had been chosen for use in subsequent studies of other species of macaques and related species. During the last decade these methods were supplemented with analyses of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) [Ely et al, 1994] and DNA fingerprinting [Smith et al, 1992], which, though costly and time consuming, substantially improved the success of paternity exclusion analysis [for a review see Martin et al, 1992]. In the late 1980s, it was discovered that short tandemly repeated sequences of nucleotides (called microsatellites, STRs, or SSRs) are ubiquitously distributed throughout eukaryotic genomes and exhibit withinspecies variability in the number of simple sequence repeats [Epplen, 1988].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple sequence repeat (SSR) polymorphisms for colony management and population genetics in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

Morin¹,

Kanthaswamy

Smith

1997

Self Cite

Cross‐species amplification of 72 SSR (predominantly tetranucleotide) loci from the DNA of six rhesus macaques of diverse regional origins was conducted using human primers for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirteen of these primer pairs, which consistently and unambiguously amplified polymorphic fragments from these six samples and which exhibited Mendelian properties, were also used to amplify SSR loci for 176 male rhesus macaques that are founders of six different captive breeding colonies. These include four groups of macaques originating in India and one group of macaques each that originated in China and Thailand. Gene diversity based on the SSR loci provided a reliable estimate of average heterozygosity but was between two and four times higher than that for 9 protein coding loci. Based on the SSR loci, Chinese rhesus were more genetically diverse and unique than were rhesus from India or Thailand, a conclusion not consistent with data based on protein coding loci. The six most informative SSR loci are unlinked and provide probabilities of single parent exclusion and genetic identity exceeding 0.99 and one in one million, respectively, both of which are reasonable standards for colony management purposes. Am. J. Primatol. 42:199–213, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

“…Polymorphic genetic markers can be used for paternity testing in captive colonies [e.g., Smith et al, 1992] and in wild populations [Morin et al, 1994;Altmann et al, 1997] as well as for analyses of population genetic structure [Nozawa et al, 1982;Melnick et al, 1984;Rogers & Kidd, 1996]. Genetic polymorphisms are also used in primate gene mapping [Rogers et al, 1995;Perelygin et al, 1996].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite polymorphisms in Bolivian squirrel monkeys (Saimiri boliviensis)

Witte

Rogers

1999

Two different approaches were used to identify new microsatellite polymorphisms among captive Bolivian squirrel monkeys (Saimiri boliviensis). In the first case, PCR primers for published human microsatellite loci were screened using genomic DNA from squirrel monkeys. Six polymorphic loci were identified using DNA samples from 19 unrelated individuals. The average heterozygosity among these six loci is 0.73. In the second set of experiments, a DNA library was created from Saimiri genomic DNA, and clones were selected from that library by screening with probes containing di‐, tri‐, and tetranucleotide repeats. Six novel microsatellites were identified this way, with an average heterozygosity of 0.59. Primer pairs for these six cloned microsatellites were also screened using a series of DNA samples from ten other platyrrhine species to assess the potential utility of these loci in other taxa. This study provides 12 new DNA polymorphisms that will be useful for various studies of this genus and demonstrates that both approaches can be used to develop new DNA polymorphisms in platyrrhine primates. Am. J. Primatol. 47:75–84, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.