A comparison of the torrefaction behavior of wood, miscanthus and palm kernel shells: Measurements on single particles with geometries of technical relevance

Becker, A.; Scherer, Viktor

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.01.095

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The presented data show that the tested biomass of Paulownia clon in Vitro 112 is characterized by a relatively low value of Δ m for a time of 60 min. In the 30 min case, the values of Δ m are close to the values from the work of Becker and Scherer [46].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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Oxytree Pruned Biomass Torrefaction: Process Kinetics

et al. 2019

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Oxytree is a fast-growing energy crop with C4 photosynthesis. In this research, for the first time, the torrefaction kinetic parameters of pruned Oxytree biomass (Paulownia clon in Vitro 112) were determined. The influence of the Oxytree cultivation method and soil class on the kinetic parameters of the torrefaction was also investigated. Oxytree pruned biomass from a first-year plantation was subjected to torrefaction within temperature range from 200 to 300 °C and under anaerobic conditions in the laboratory-scale batch reactor. The mass loss was measured continuously during the process. The relative mass loss increased from 1.22% to 19.56% with the increase of the process temperature. The first-order constant rate reaction (k) values increased from 1.26 × 10−5 s−1 to 7.69 × 10−5 s−1 with the increase in temperature. The average activation energy for the pruned biomass of Oxytree torrefaction was 36.5 kJ∙mol−1. Statistical analysis showed no significant (p < 0.05) effect of the Oxytree cultivation method and soil class on the k value. The results of this research could be useful for the valorization of energy crops such as Oxytree and optimization of waste-to-carbon and waste-to-energy processes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…For the same temperatures and time in the 60 min process, Douglas fir has losses of 11%, 25%, 48% [45]. Becker and Scherer [46] presented mass losses for pine and beech at temperatures of 240, 270, and 300 °C for 25 min. For pine, these values are 3%, 7%, and 14%, and for beech, 3%, 13%, and 20%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytree Pruned Biomass Torrefaction: Process Kinetics

et al. 2019

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“…As the torrefaction temperature rises, the hydrogen and oxygen concentration decrease while the carbon content and calorific value increase. These results seem to agree with those of earlier researchers [10,11,12]. The nitrogen concentration is less than 1.0% and the sulphur percentage is almost nil for all samples.…”

Section: Ultimate and Proximate Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

Potential of pretreated palm kernel shell on pyrolysis

Ahmad

Santiagoo

Ahmad

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The impact of pretreatment on palm kernel shell (PKS) with torrefaction for the possibility of pyrolysis is discussed in this study. PKS samples were torrefied at different holding times of 30 and 60 minutes at temperatures of 200, 225, 250, 275, and 300 °C. In a fixed-bed reactor with a constant nitrogen flow rate of 500 ml/min, torrefaction pretreatment was carried out. The elemental composition, mass, and energy yield, as well as proximate analysis, were all performed on the pretreated PKS. The optimised pretreated PKS was pyrolyzed next at a temperature of 400 to 550 °C in a fixed-bed reactor. The outcomes demonstrated that the pretreated PKS had a significant mass and energy yield at a temperature of 250 °C and a holding time of 30 min. PKS’s calorific value and carbon content both rose after pretreatment. However, the oxygen and moisture content decreased for pretreated PKS. The maximum bio-oil production of 58% was achieved during the pyrolysis of pretreated PKS at a temperature of 500 °C. At higher temperature of 550 °C, the bio-oil decreased due to secondary cracking reaction. Consequently, the pretreated PKS has greater potential as effective feedstock for successive proses particularly pyrolysis for bio-oil production.

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“…Torrefaction conditions of biomass conversion are based largely upon the degradation of hemicellulose from 225 to 325 °C. [2][3][4] The heating rate varied from 5 to 30 °C/min, based on reasonable biomass torrefaction and slow pyrolysis reactors; [31][32][33] maximum temperature and heat rate were selected as previously identified components for optimizing biomass products. 34,35…”

Section: Electric Furnace-based Reactor Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proxy quality control of biomass particles using thermogravimetric analysis and Gaussian process regression models

Watts

Potter²,

Mohan³

et al. 2023

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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The temperature experienced by reactants during preparation in a reactor is a key component in determining the yield and homogeneity of usable chemical products such as biomass particles. Thermocouples with sensors can be used to monitor spatial temperature gradients within reactors but these sensors are often too expensive and/or invasive. The present work proposes a strategy to identify optimal machine learning models to infer the maximum effective temperature experienced by particles during oxidative biomass torrefaction using key thermochemical combustion parameters. The maximum rate of weight loss, the corresponding temperature, and fixed carbon content on a dry‐ash‐free basis are used as literature‐based predictor variables obtained from thermogravimetric analysis. The evaluation of 24 machine‐learning models using the standard tenfold cross‐validation method suggests that the exponential Gaussian process regression (GPR) model is the most effective, followed by other GPR models. These high‐performing GPR models were also utilized to predict the effective preparation temperature distribution of reactor‐produced biomass particles under eight conditions of varying residence time and air‐to‐biomass ratio. The effective preparation temperature and residence time of individual biomass particles were then encoded into the torrefaction severity factor and used to estimate the energy yield of the reactor output as a novel quality control method.

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A comparison of the torrefaction behavior of wood, miscanthus and palm kernel shells: Measurements on single particles with geometries of technical relevance

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Oxytree Pruned Biomass Torrefaction: Process Kinetics

Oxytree Pruned Biomass Torrefaction: Process Kinetics

Potential of pretreated palm kernel shell on pyrolysis

Proxy quality control of biomass particles using thermogravimetric analysis and Gaussian process regression models

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