A comparison of three methods of scoring penile circumference changes

Earls, Christopher M.; Quinsey, Vernon L.; Castonguay, Louis G.

doi:10.1007/bf01541713

Cited by 54 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…There are numerous sources of such variability, for example, the participant's age, his state of health, the size of his penis, and the amount of time since his last ejaculation from masturbation or interpersonal sexual activity. Empirical research has shown the Z-score transformation to be optimal (Earls, Quinsey, & Castonguay, 1987;Harris, Rice, Quinsey, Chaplin, & Earls, 1992;Langevin, 1985). (b) The (highly correlated) area and extremum Z-scores were averaged to obtain a composite that reflected both the speed and amplitude of response and lessened the impact of anomalous responses, that is, large change from initial value but small area or vice versa (Freund, Scher, & Hucker, 1983).…”

Section: Phallometric Response Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedophilia, Hebephilia, and the DSM-V

et al. 2008

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The term pedophilia denotes the erotic preference for prepubescent children. The term hebephilia has been proposed to denote the erotic preference for pubescent children (roughly, ages 11 or 12-14), but it has not become widely used. The present study sought to validate the concept of hebephilia by examining the agreement between self-reported sexual interests and objectively recorded penile responses in the laboratory. The participants were 881 men who were referred for clinical assessment because of paraphilic, criminal, or otherwise problematic sexual behavior. Within-group comparisons showed that men who verbally reported maximum sexual attraction to pubescent children had greater penile responses to depictions of pubescent children than to depictions of younger or older persons. Between-groups comparisons showed that penile responding distinguished such men from those who reported maximum attraction to prepubescent children and from those who reported maximum attraction to fully grown persons. These results indicated that hebephilia exists as a discriminable erotic age-preference. The authors recommend various ways in which the DSM might be altered to accommodate the present findings. One possibility would be to replace the diagnosis of Pedophilia with Pedohebephilia and allow the clinician to specify one of three subtypes: Sexually Attracted to Children Younger than 11 (Pedophilic Type), Sexually Attracted to Children Age 11-14 (Hebephilic Type), or Sexually Attracted to Both (Pedohebephilic Type). We further recommend that the DSM-V encourage users to record the typical age of children who most attract the patient sexually as well as the gender of children who most attract the patient sexually.

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Section: Phallometric Response Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedophilia, Hebephilia, and the DSM-V

et al. 2008

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“…The strain gauge was calibrated for a range of 40mm, with the flaccid measurement as the minimum circumference. The use of the mercury-in-rubber strain gauge to measure changes in penile tumescence has been shown to be a reliable and valid measure (Laws, 1977;Farkas, Evans, Sine, Eifert, Wittlieb, & VogelmannSine, 1979;Earls, Quinsey, & Castonguay, 1987) 3.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Effects of False Physiological Feedback on Sexual Arousal in Sexually Dysfunctional and Functional Males

Stone¹

1999

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According to a recent model of psychogenic erectile dysfunction (Sbrocco & Barlow, 1996), dysfunctional performance results from focusing on negative outcome expectancy and low confidence following a discrepancy between expected and actual performance. The purpose of the current study was to manipulate the experience of sexually functional and dysfunctional males to produce a discrepancy between expected and actual performance. Fifty-six sexually functional and 57 sexually dysfunctional men were assigned to one of four groups (negative feedback, neutral feedback. inflated feedback, or no feedback). Penile tumescence was recorded while viewing two 5-minute erotic videotapes. All participants viewed film 1 without feedback. Next. the feedback subjects were told the average score for an erection and were asked to predict the score they would receive during film 2 and how confident they were. While viewing film 2, the negative feedback group received feedback that their scores were below their prediction, the neutral feedback group received feedback that their scores were what they predicted. and the inflated feedback group was shown their scores were higher than predicted. After film 2, they were again asked to predict their scores on a subsequent (bogus) film and rate their confidence.Contrary to the Sbrocco and Barlow model, positive feedback decreased tumescence for both the dysfunctionals and functionals. This occurred. despite an increase in expectancy, confidence, and self-reported arousal. Also in contrast with the Sbrocco and Barlow model, ii negative feedback resulted in decreased outcome expectancy but did not induce a change in tumescence for the dysfunctionals. Finally, negative feedback unexpectedly resulted in decreased tumescence for the functionals.The only variable that predicted changes in tumescence was the self-reported level of surprise concerning the feedback. For both the dysfunctionals and functionals, the feedback groups that experienced a decrease in tumescence were more surprised by the feedback than the groups that experienced no change in tumescence.In conclusion, the present study found that positive expectations for and confidence in functional sexual performance may be necessary but not sufficient factors for successful tumescence. Positive outcome expectancies and confidence may only be useful if the man is not surprised by his performance. LIST OF FIGURESCross section of male pelvic region and cross section of penis Barlow's (1986Barlow's ( , 1988 model of sexual dysfunction Barlow, Sakheim, and Beck's (1983) shock threat paradigm Abrahamson, Barlow, Sakheim, Beck, and Athanasiou's (1985) What we do know is that a sexual situation involves the integration of information from various sensory modalities and sources. Information is internally and externally generated and cognitively processed in order to produce a sexual response. Obtaining and maintaining an erection is a complex process that requires not only normal physiological responding, but also functional cognitive a...

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“…As well, useful information on the original magnitude of arousal is lost (Adler, 1994). In a study by Earls, Quinsey, and Castonguay (1987), z scores were found to describe the significantly highest proportion of variance (52.7%) in comparison to %FE (32.5%) and raw scores (30.1%). This was supported by Harris, Rice, Quinsey, Chaplin, and Earls (1992), who found z scores to be slightly superior to percentage of full erection.…”

Section: Statistical Issuesmentioning

confidence: 92%