A comparison of two cytotoxicity tests for predicting the ocular irritancy of surfactants

Lewis, Richard; McCall, J.C.; Botham, Philip A.

doi:10.1016/0887-2333(93)90126-p

Cited by 34 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The initial cellular reactions taking place in eye irritation procedures are corneal epithelial cell membrane damage. The RBC test is designed to assess membrane damage, which is evaluated by the amount of hemoglobin leaking into the supernatant 33 . Within the test preservatives, only propylparaben at the regulatory acceptable concentration generated the hemolysis of erythrocytes (Figure 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin irritation potential of cosmetic preservatives: An exposure‐relevant study

Wang

Song

et al. 2020

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Cosmetic products comprise a variety of nutrient-rich ingredients that favor microbial growth, and the microbial contamination of cosmetics is a health risk for consumers. Preservatives are an essential component to inhibit the development of microorganisms and to prolong the shelf life and usage time of cosmetic products. 1 Unfortunately, preservatives have been reported to cause skin irritation and be a common source of allergies in cosmetic and household products. 2-4 Based on the frequency of use and the prevalence of skin side effects, the prominent preservatives in cosmetics comprise phenoxyethanol, parabens, formaldehyde releasers, isothiazolinones, and organic acids. 5,6 Their health effects are not only due to the induction of skin irritation but also to their multiple sources of exposure resulting in both occupational and nonoccupational contact dermatitis. 7,8 Considering the widespread use of preservatives in daily life, it is a great challenge to evaluate the skin irritation potential of these preservatives and elucidate their underlying mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin irritation potential of cosmetic preservatives: An exposure‐relevant study

Wang

Song

et al. 2020

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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“…The RBC test evaluates the ability of test compounds to disrupt red cell membranes (relation between hemolysis and oxyhemoglobin denaturation) and in this way, to classify products into GHS Categories 1 or non-classified . RBC test can be conducted on red blood cells from various species (pig, sheep, rabbit) (Lewis et al 1993;Mehling et al 2007;Pape et al 1987;Pape 1990). The irritant potential score corresponds to the ratio between the leakage of red blood cell hemoglobin in the supernatant (H50 concentration inducing a red cell hemolysis of 50%) and oxyhemoglobin (denaturation index, DI).…”

Section: Red Blood Cell Test (Rbc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

AOP and IATA applied to ocular surface toxicity

Bonneau

Baudouin²

2021

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology

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“…The RBC haemolysis test (RBC test) is based on the potential of a chemical substance to disrupt cell membranes, which is assessed by measuring photometrically the leakage of haemoglobin from freshlyisolated red blood cells incubated with the test material under standard conditions (140)(141)(142)(143)(144). The denaturation (i.e.…”

Section: Short Description Scientific Relevance and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Developers. The RBC test is based on the (cytotoxic) potential of a chemical substance to disrupt cell membranes (140)(141)(142)(143)(144)146). One standard protocol for the RBC test was published as INVITTOX Protocol 37 (146), and a second standard protocol, derived from the first one, was published as INVITTOX Protocol 99 (144).…”

Section: Short Description Scientific Relevance and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%