A Comparison of Two Methods to Establish the Prevalence of Lead Shot Ingestion in Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) from The Netherlands

Lumeij, J. T.; Scholten, H.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-25.2.297

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…There are several potential sources of error in the data presented that may affect estimates of exposure of upland birds to spent lead shot. Studies on waterfowl in the United States have shown that the proportion of hunter-killed birds with lead shot in their gizzards is 1.6 to 3.8 times higher than the proportion in researcher-collected birds [5,51], although Lumeij and Scholten [52] reported no collection bias for mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) in the Netherlands. This suggests that lead-intoxicated birds are more susceptible to being shot during a hunt.…”

Section: Biases In Assessing the Exposure Of Upland Birds To Spent Lementioning

confidence: 98%

An ecological risk assessment of lead shot exposure in non‐waterfowl avian species: Upland game birds and raptors

Kendall

Lacher

Bunck³

et al. 1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

118

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There is increasing concern that birds in terrestrial ecosystems may be exposed to spent lead shot. Evidence exists that upland birds, particularly mourning doves (Zenaida macroura), ingest spent lead shot and that raptors ingest lead shot by consuming wounded game. Mortality, neurological dysfunction, immune suppression, and reproductive impairment are documented effects of exposure to lead in birds. An ecological risk assessment on the impact of lead shot exposure in upland birds was conducted and is presented in the context of the new United States Environmental Protection Agency's Ecological Risk Assessment Paradigm. A considerable amount of spent lead shot is released into the environment each year from shooting and hunting. Doves collected from fields that are cultivated to attract mourning doves for hunting activities show evidence of ingestion of spent lead shot. Because lead can cause both acute and chronic toxicity if ingested by birds, and because there is evidence of widespread deposition of lead shot in terrestrial ecosystems, concern for impacts on upland game birds and raptors seems warranted. Although this ecological risk assessment does not clearly define a significant risk of lead shot exposure to upland game birds, this issue merits continued scrutiny to protect our upland game bird and raptor resources.

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Section: Biases In Assessing the Exposure Of Upland Birds To Spent Lementioning

confidence: 98%

An ecological risk assessment of lead shot exposure in non‐waterfowl avian species: Upland game birds and raptors

Kendall

Lacher

Bunck³

et al. 1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Biases In Assessing the Exposure Of Upland Birds To Spent Lementioning

confidence: 99%

An Ecological Risk Assessment of Lead Shot Exposure in Non-Waterfowl Avian Species: Upland Game Birds and Raptors

Kendall¹,

Lacher²,

Bunck³

et al. 1996

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Abstract-There is increasing concern that birds in terrestrial ecosystems may be exposed to spent lead shot. Evidence exists that upland birds, particularly mourning doves (Zenaida macroura), ingest spent lead shot and that raptors ingest lead shot by consuming wounded game. Mortality, neurological dysfunction, immune suppression, and reproductive impairment are documented effects of exposure to lead in birds. An ecological risk assessment on the impact of lead shot exposure in upland birds was conducted and is presented in the context of the new United States Environmental Protection Agency's Ecological Risk Assessment Paradigm. A considerable amount of spent lead shot is released into the environment each year from shooting and hunting. Doves collected from fields that are cultivated to attract mourning doves for hunting activities show evidence of ingestion of spent lead shot. Because lead can cause both acute and chronic toxicity if ingested by birds, and because there is evidence of widespread deposition of lead shot in terrestrial ecosystems, concern for impacts on upland game birds and raptors seems warranted. Although this ecological risk assessment does not clearly define a significant risk of lead shot exposure to upland game birds, this issue merits continued scrutiny to protect our upland game bird and raptor resources.

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“…Prevalence of ingestion of lead pellets in mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), a widespread species, is 1.7-2.9% in The Netherlands (Lumeij and Scholten 1989), 4.2% in Great Britain (Mudge 1983), and 8.1% in USA (Sanderson and Bellrose 1986), although in some areas, such as Texas, prevalence reached 36.4% before the ban of lead shot (Moulton et al 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

High Prevalences of Lead Poisoning in Wintering Waterfowl in Spain

Mateo

Belliure²,

Dolz³

et al. 1998

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Some Mediterranean wetlands are found between the areas with the highest prevalence of lead pellet exposure for waterfowl in the world. To assess the situation in Spain, availability of pellets in sediments and rates of ingestion by waterfowl were determined in four important wetlands: Albufera de València, El Fondo, Tablas de Daimiel, and Doñana (Guadalquivir Marshes). Lead pellet density in sediment was maximum in the Albufera, with 2.8 million pellets/ha. In Tablas de Daimiel, where hunting was banned in 1965, about 1.0 million pellets/ha were found. Percentages of shot waterfowl with ingested pellets were maximum in the wetlands on the Mediterranean coast (El Fondo and Albufera de València): 87.5% of common pochard (Aythya ferina) and approximately 33% of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and shoveler (Anas clypeata) contained ingested pellets. It was found that mallards with > 5 µg/g dry weight of lead in the liver had 8.5% lower body condition and 7.7% less body weight than birds with lower lead concentrations. Moreover, lead poisoning was diagnosed as the cause of death in 16 out of 75 birds, mainly greylag geese (Anser anser), found dead in some of these zones.

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A Comparison of Two Methods to Establish the Prevalence of Lead Shot Ingestion in Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) from The Netherlands

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

An ecological risk assessment of lead shot exposure in non‐waterfowl avian species: Upland game birds and raptors

An ecological risk assessment of lead shot exposure in non‐waterfowl avian species: Upland game birds and raptors

An Ecological Risk Assessment of Lead Shot Exposure in Non-Waterfowl Avian Species: Upland Game Birds and Raptors

High Prevalences of Lead Poisoning in Wintering Waterfowl in Spain

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