A Comparison of Weight‐Related Behaviors Among High School Students Who Are Homeless and Non‐Homeless

Fournier, Mary E.; Austin, S. Bryn; Samples, Cathryn L.; Goodenow, Carol; Wylie, Sarah; Corliss, Heather L.

doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00436.x

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Several studies have observed higher levels of child physical and sexual abuse, as well as intimate partner violence (IPV), among LGB individuals relative to heterosexuals (Balsam, Rothblum, & Beauchaine, 2005; Corliss, Cochran, & Mays, 2002; Matthews, Hughes, Johnson, Razzano, & Cassidy, 2002; Tjaden, Thoennes, & Allison, 1999). LGB adolescents are also at elevated risk of experiencing homelessness (Cochran, Stewart, Ginzler, & Cauce, 2002; Fournier et al, 2009; Kruks, 1991; Van Leeuwen et al, 2006) partially due to expulsion following disclosure of their sexual orientation (Kruks, 1991). Homelessness may also result from victimization by caregivers or romantic partners (Cochran et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disproportionate exposure to early-life adversity and sexual orientation disparities in psychiatric morbidity

McLaughlin

Hatzenbuehler

Xuan

et al. 2012

Child Abuse & Neglect

186

131

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Objectives Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) populations exhibit elevated rates of psychiatric disorders compared to heterosexuals, and these disparities emerge early in the life course. We examined the role of exposure to early-life victimization and adversity—including physical and sexual abuse, homelessness, and intimate partner violence—in explaining sexual orientation disparities in mental health among adolescents and young adults. Methods Data were drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, Wave 3 (2001–2002), a nationally representative survey of adolescents. Participants included gay/lesbian (n=227), bisexual (n=245), and heterosexual (n=13,490) youths, ages 18–27. We examined differences in the prevalence of exposure to child physical or sexual abuse, homelessness or expulsion from one’s home by caregivers, and physical and sexual intimate partner violence according to sexual orientation. Next we examined the associations of these exposures with symptoms of psychopathology including suicidal ideation and attempts, depression, binge drinking, illicit drug use, tobacco use, alcohol abuse, and drug abuse. Finally, we determined whether exposure to victimization and adversity explained the association between sexual orientation and psychopathology. Results Gay/lesbian and bisexual respondents had higher levels of psychopathology than heterosexuals across all outcomes. Gay/lesbian respondents had higher odds of exposure to child abuse and housing adversity, and bisexual respondents had higher odds of exposure to child abuse, housing adversity, and intimate partner violence, than heterosexuals. Greater exposure to these adversities explained between 10–20% of the relative excess of suicidality, depression, tobacco use, and symptoms of alcohol and drug abuse among LGB youths compared to heterosexuals. Exposure to victimization and adversity experiences in childhood and adolescence significantly mediated the association of both gay/lesbian and bisexual orientation with suicidality, depressive symptoms, tobacco use, and alcohol abuse. Conclusions Exposure to victimization in early-life family and romantic relationships explains, in part, sexual orientation disparities in a wide range of mental health and substance use outcomes, highlighting novel targets for preventive interventions aimed at reducing these disparities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disproportionate exposure to early-life adversity and sexual orientation disparities in psychiatric morbidity

McLaughlin

Hatzenbuehler

Xuan

et al. 2012

Child Abuse & Neglect

186

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At particular risk for homelessness are lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) youths (Coker, Austin, Schuster, 2010; Dunne, Prendergast, & Telford, 2002; Gattis, 2009; Institute of Medicine, 2011; Zerger, Strehlow, & Gundlapalli, 2008). Although LGB youths compose only 1.4% – 5.0% of the general youth population (Kann et al, 2011; Narring, Stronski Huwiler, & Michaud, 2003; Savin-Williams & Ream, 2007), LGB youths compose 15% – 36% of homeless youths (Bailey, Camlin, & Ennett, 1998; Fournier et al, 2009; Freeman & Hamilton, 2008; Gangamma, Slesnick, Toviessi, & Serovich, 2008; Leslie, Stein, & Rotheram-Borus, 2002; Moon et al, 2000; Noell & Ochs, 2001; Rew, Whittaker, Taylor-Seehafter, & Smith, 2005; Van Leeuwen et al, 2006; Whitbeck, Chen, Hoyt, Tyler, & Johnson, 2004). Nevertheless, these prevalences also demonstrate that not all LGB youths experience homelessness, suggesting the need to identify the reasons why some LGB youths experience homelessness, especially given the potential long-term consequences of homelessness for the health and well-being of LGB youths (Clatts, Goldsamt, Yi, & Gwadz, 2005; Cochran, Stewart, Ginzier, & Cauce, 2002; Noell & Ochs, 2001; Rosario, Schrimshaw, & Hunter, in press; Whitbeck et al, 2004; see Gattis, 2009 for review).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for homelessness among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths: A developmental milestone approach

Rosario

Schrimshaw

Hunter

2012

Children and Youth Services Review

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Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) youths are over-represented in the homeless population. To examine why some LGB youths become homeless, this report compares homeless and non-homeless LGB youths. Of the 156 LGB youths, 48% reported ever being homeless (i.e., running away or being evicted from home). Results indicate that sexual orientation awareness and the initiation of sexual behavior occurred earlier in homeless than in non-homeless LGB youths and predated the first homeless episode. Substance use was more frequent and first occurred at an earlier age in homeless as compared to non-homeless LGB youths; however, substance use occurred subsequent to first homelessness. Childhood sexual abuse was associated with homelessness; and, early sexual orientation development was related to homelessness among youths without a history of sexual abuse. Findings suggest that interventions should help youths cope with their unfolding sexual orientation and work to prevent or address the consequences of sexual abuse.

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“…At particular risk for homelessness are lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) youth (Coker et al 2010; Dunne et al 2002; Gattis 2009; Zerger et al 2008). Studies have found that LGB youth compose 15–36% of homeless youth (Bailey et al 1998; Fournier et al 2009; Freeman and Hamilton 2008; Gangamma et al 2008; Leslie et al 2002; Moon et al 2000; Noell and Ochs 2001; Rew et al 2005; Van Leeuwen et al 2006; Whitbeck et al 2004), although LGB youth compose only 1.3–3.8% of the general youth population (Bontempo and D'Augelli 2002; Narring et al 2003; Remafedi et al 1992; Savin-Williams and Ream 2007). In addition, recent research has found that LGB youth are more likely than heterosexual youth to be runaways or throwaways living on their own, but no more likely to be living as part of a homeless family (Corliss et al, in press).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Homelessness Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youth: Implications for Subsequent Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms

Rosario

Schrimshaw

Hunter

2011

J Youth Adolescence

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Although lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) youth with a history of homelessness (running away or being evicted from their homes by parents) report more psychological symptoms than homeless heterosexual peers, it is unclear whether symptoms are due to homelessness, given the absence of a non-homeless comparison group. This study longitudinally investigates whether LGB youth with a history of homelessness report more subsequent psychological symptoms than non-homeless LGB youth and examines potential mediators of any such relationships. Of the 156 LGB youth interviewed (49% female; 78% non-White), 48% reported past homeless experiences. Homelessness was associated with subsequent symptoms of anxiety, depression, conduct problems, and substance abuse and to changes in symptoms over time even after controlling for childhood sexual abuse and early development of sexual orientation. Stressful life events, negative social relationships, and social support from friends mediated the relationships between homelessness and symptomatology. These findings suggest the need for interventions to reduce stress and enhance social support among LGB youth with a history of homelessness in order to reduce psychological symptoms.

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A Comparison of Weight‐Related Behaviors Among High School Students Who Are Homeless and Non‐Homeless

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Disproportionate exposure to early-life adversity and sexual orientation disparities in psychiatric morbidity

Disproportionate exposure to early-life adversity and sexual orientation disparities in psychiatric morbidity

Risk factors for homelessness among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths: A developmental milestone approach

Homelessness Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youth: Implications for Subsequent Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms

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