A comprehensive and biophysically detailed computational model of the whole human heart electromechanics

Fedele, Marco; Piersanti, Roberto; Regazzoni, Francesco; Salvador, Matteo; Africa, Pasquale Claudio; Bucelli, Michele; Zingaro, Alberto; Dedè, Luca; Quarteroni, Alfio

doi:10.1016/j.cma.2023.115983

Cited by 48 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Given these findings, we consider for P im the temporal waveform of P LV obtained from an electromechanics simulation [31]), that we report in Figure 3-left, which includes also a comparison with the aortic pressure. Since experimental findings pointed out that intramyocardial pressure decreases almost linearly from the subendocardium to the subepicardium [32], we include a linear transmural modulation of P im such that:…”

Section: Estimation Of the Intramyocardial Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling cardiac microcirculation for the simulation of coronary flow and 3D myocardial perfusion

Pelagi,

Regazzoni,

Huyghe

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Purpose: accurate modeling of blood dynamics in the coronary microcirculation is a crucial step towards the clinical application of in silico methods for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). In this work, we present a new mathematical model of microcirculatory hemodynamics accounting for microvasculature compliance and cardiac contraction; we also present its application to a full simulation of hyperemic coronary blood flow and 3D myocardial perfusion in real clinical cases. Methods: microvasculature hemodynamics is modeled with a compliant multi-compartment Darcy formulation, with the new compli- ance terms depending on the local intramyocardial pressure generated by cardiac contraction. Nonlinear analytical relationships for vessels distensibility are included based on experimental data, and all the parameters of the model are reformulated based on histo-logically relevant quantities, allowing a deeper model personalization. Results: Phasic flow patterns of high arterial inflow in diastole and venous outflow in systole are obtained, with flow waveforms morphology and pressure distribution along the microcirculation reproduced in accordance with experimental and in vivo measures. Phasic diameter change for arterioles and capillaries is also obtained with relevant differences depending on the depth location. Coronary blood dynamics exhibits a disturbed flow at the systolic onset, while the obtained 3D perfusion maps reproduce the systolic impediment effect and show relevant regional and transmural heterogeneities in myocardial blood flow (MBF). Conclusion: the proposed model successfully reproduces microvasculature hemodynamics over the whole heartbeat and along the entire intramural vessels. Quantification of phasic flow patterns, diameter changes, regional and transmural heterogeneities in MBF represent key steps ahead in the direction of the predictive simulation of cardiac perfusion.

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Section: Estimation Of the Intramyocardial Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling cardiac microcirculation for the simulation of coronary flow and 3D myocardial perfusion

Pelagi,

Regazzoni,

Huyghe

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…For a full closed‐loop model, a coupling to the circulatory system is required, which can be approximated by an additional ODE system coupled to the PDE‐ODE system (1) by the pressure in the cardiac chambers and their volumes. For more details we refer to [9, 11, 14, 25, 34]. Realistic boundary conditions at the pericardium are given by a free‐slip mortar setting [11].…”

Section: A Coupled Electro‐mechanical Model For the Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Realistic boundary conditions at the pericardium are given by a free‐slip mortar setting [11]. Alternatively, they can be approximated by normal penalty conditions [9, 31, 40].…”

Section: A Coupled Electro‐mechanical Model For the Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical evaluation of elasto‐mechanical and visco‐elastic electro‐mechanical models of the human heart

Fröhlich,

Gerach,

Krauß

et al. 2023

GAMM-Mitteilungen

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We investigate the properties of static mechanical and dynamic electro‐mechanical models for the deformation of the human heart. Numerically this is realized by a staggered scheme for the coupled partial/ordinary differential equation (PDE‐ODE) system. First, we consider a static and purely mechanical benchmark configuration on a realistic geometry of the human ventricles. Using a penalty term for quasi‐incompressibility, we test different parameters and mesh sizes and observe that this approach is not sufficient for lowest order conforming finite elements. Then, we compare the approaches of active stress and active strain for cardiac muscle contraction. Finally, we compare in a coupled anatomically realistic electro‐mechanical model numerical Newmark damping with a visco‐elastic model using Rayleigh damping. Nonphysiological oscillations can be better mitigated using viscosity.

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“…However, these coupled models typically entail a high computational cost, and they require a challenging calibration of a huge number of physical parameters, especially in pathological conditions. Because of this, uncoupled (or one‐way coupled) approaches have been proposed, to address the sole Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) component of the system, with the ventricular displacement prescribed as data coming from analytical functions, 15–20 clinical measurements, 21–27 or from electromechanical simulations 28–33 . Such models mainly differ in the treatment of the valve geometry and dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling isovolumetric phases in cardiac flows by an Augmented Resistive Immersed Implicit Surface method

Zingaro,

Bucelli,

Fumagalli

et al. 2023

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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A major challenge in the computational fluid dynamics modeling of the heart function is the simulation of isovolumetric phases when the hemodynamics problem is driven by a prescribed boundary displacement. During such phases, both atrioventricular and semilunar valves are closed: consequently, the ventricular pressure may not be uniquely defined, and spurious oscillations may arise in numerical simulations. These oscillations can strongly affect valve dynamics models driven by the blood flow, making unlikely to recovering physiological dynamics. Hence, prescribed opening and closing times are usually employed, or the isovolumetric phases are neglected altogether. In this article, we propose a suitable modification of the Resistive Immersed Implicit Surface (RIIS) method (Fedele et al., Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2017, 16, 1779–1803) by introducing a reaction term to correctly capture the pressure transients during isovolumetric phases. The method, that we call Augmented RIIS (ARIIS) method, extends the previously proposed ARIS method (This et al., Int J Numer Methods Biomed Eng 2020, 36, e3223) to the case of a mesh which is not body‐fitted to the valves. We test the proposed method on two different benchmark problems, including a new simplified problem that retains all the characteristics of a heart cycle. We apply the ARIIS method to a fluid dynamics simulation of a realistic left heart geometry, and we show that ARIIS allows to correctly simulate isovolumetric phases, differently from standard RIIS method. Finally, we demonstrate that by the new method the cardiac valves can open and close without prescribing any opening/closing times.

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A comprehensive and biophysically detailed computational model of the whole human heart electromechanics

Cited by 48 publications

References 127 publications

Modeling cardiac microcirculation for the simulation of coronary flow and 3D myocardial perfusion

Modeling cardiac microcirculation for the simulation of coronary flow and 3D myocardial perfusion

Numerical evaluation of elasto‐mechanical and visco‐elastic electro‐mechanical models of the human heart

Modeling isovolumetric phases in cardiac flows by an Augmented Resistive Immersed Implicit Surface method

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