A comprehensive mechanistic and therapeutic insight into the effect of chicory ( Cichorium intybus ) supplementation in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of literature

Abstract

Background Cichorium intybus is a rich source of terpenoids and phenolic compounds, one of the effective methods in managing and reducing the complications of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence obtained from animal and human studies on the effects of chicory on metabolic indicators (such as inflammation, oxidative stress, blood sugar and dyslipidaemia) of diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods This systematic search was performed in ProQuest, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase and Science Direct databases and on articles published until August 2021. All of the animal studies and clinical trials included in this systematic review that assessed the effect of chicory on metabolic risk markers in diabetes were published in English language journals. Results Finally, amongst 686 articles, only 23 articles met the needed criteria for further analysis. Out of 23 articles, 3 studies on humans and 20 studies on animals have been carried out. Fifteen of the 19 studies that evaluated the effect of chicory on the glycaemic index showed that Cichorium intybus improved blood glucose index (it had no effect in two human studies and three animal studies). Ten of the 13 studies evaluating the effect of Cichorium intybus on lipid profiles showed that it improved dyslipidaemia. Also, all 12 studies showed that chicory significantly reduces oxidative stress and inflammation. Conclusion According to the available evidence, Cichorium intybus might improve the glycaemic status, dyslipidaemia, oxidative stress and inflammation. However, further studies are recommended for a comprehensive conclusion about the exact mechanism of chicory in diabetic patients.

The Synergetic Effect of Egyptian Portulaca oleracea L. (Purslane) and Cichorium intybus L. (Chicory) Extracts against Glucocorticoid-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Rats through Attenuation of Oxidative Reactions and Autophagy

“…In contrast, administering PEE and CWE ameliorates male infertility by improving glycemic markers. Our results provide strong support for previous studies suggesting the antidiabetic actions of Purslane [ 124 , 133 ] and Chicory extracts [ 134 , 135 ]. Interestingly, Chicory root is the most abundant source of dietary fiber inulin, representing about 68% of the total compounds in fresh Chicory roots.…”

Antidiabetic Effect of Green Vegetable Leaf Powders in Diabetic Rats

“…Although some investigations have been carried out to evaluate the anti-diabetic properties of the leaf extracts of the studied plants [18,19,20], only a few research papers used purslane and chicory leaf powders. Still, they did so at high levels (5-20%).…”

Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Garlic (Allium sativum) on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Comprehensive Systematic Literature Review

“…However, this strategy alone cannot reduce the growing prevalence of the disease [13]. Many studies have shown that natural and herbal compounds effectively reduce the symptoms of diseases, such as neurodegenerative disease, diabetes, neurological diseases, and fatty liver [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Plant-derived natural substances such as phenolic compounds, anthocyanin, wogonin, glycyrrhizin, green tea, coffee, garlic, soybean, and fenugreek might improve NAFLD [22][23][24].…”