A Comprehensive Model Calibration Procedure for Activated Sludge Models

Vanrolleghem, Peter; İnsel, Güçlü; Petersen, B.; Sin, Gürkan; Pauw, Dirk De; Nopens, Ingmar; Dovermann, Huub; Weijers, Stefan; Gernaey, Krist

doi:10.2175/193864703784639615

Cited by 114 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…5). Coeffi cient of determination R2 characterized the fi t of the experimental curves to simulated [23] determined for waste processed and unprocessed in aerobic condition had very high values in the range 0.9-1. This proves that the equations (9−12) utilized to simulate degradation processes precisely refl ect degradation processes both for biologically unprocessed and processed waste.…”

Section: Modeling Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Constants of Decomposition of the Municipal Solid Waste Prior to and after Mechanical-Biological Processing. Field Scale / Stałe Kinetyczne Rozkładu Zmieszanych Odpadów Komunalnych Przed I Po Mechaniczno-Biologicznym Przetworzeniu. Skala Polowa

Suchowska-Kisielewicz¹,

Jędrczak²,

Myszograj³

2012

Archives of Environmental Protection

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Abstract:One of the major tasks of municipal waste management in European Union countries is the systematic reduction of waste that is removed and transported to landfi lls. This refers particularly to biodegradable waste. One of the methods employed to decrease waste amount is Mechanical-Biological Treatment (MBT) of the waste, before it is stored.The article presents characteristics of MSW and biologically pre-treated municipal solid waste, organic carbon loads emitted in biogas and leachate during waste deposition in a landfi ll. Its decomposition rate constants were determined on the basis of modifi ed Zacharof and Butler's stochastic model. The values of decomposition rate constants determined for MSW had similar change trends to those presented in the literature: the hydrolysis constant had the lowest value (2.6 × 10 -5 d . The PMSW decomposition rate constants in each anaerobic waste degradation phase had similar change trends, though their values were higher, by 21, 11 and 19%, respectively.

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Section: Modeling Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Constants of Decomposition of the Municipal Solid Waste Prior to and after Mechanical-Biological Processing. Field Scale / Stałe Kinetyczne Rozkładu Zmieszanych Odpadów Komunalnych Przed I Po Mechaniczno-Biologicznym Przetworzeniu. Skala Polowa

Suchowska-Kisielewicz¹,

Jędrczak²,

Myszograj³

2012

Archives of Environmental Protection

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“…Particulate components, namely nitrifying organisms (XAUT), heterotrophic organisms (XH), phosphate-accumulating organisms (XPAO), polyphosphates (XPP) and poly-hydroxy-alkanoates (XPHA), were assumed to be negligible in the influent as per Henze et al (1995). Heterotrophic biomass fraction was incorporated into the slowly biodegradable COD fraction (XS), which is said to be acceptable with the use of ASM2d (Henze et al 2000, Vanrolleghem et al 2003.…”

Section: Influent Wastewater Cod Fractionation Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The parameter set used in the plantwide application included primary settling, biochemical models (ASM2d and ADM1), settling model parameters, physicochemical model and thickening model parameters. Several mathematical calibration methods are used for activated sludge or anaerobic digestion models (Batstone et al 2002, Batstone et al 2000, Rieger et al 2012, Roeleveld and Van Loosdrecht 2002, Vanrolleghem et al 2003, however none exists for plant-wide models. Therefore, a logical step-wise calibration procedure was carried out in which a few kinetic parameters were adjusted to minimize discrepancies between the model output and the static measured dataset from the plant (Dataset 2 in Table 5.3).…”

Section: Model Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The application of activated sludge models requires fully characterised and adequately fractionated COD components , Vanrolleghem et al 2003 and additional influent characterization of soluble chemical components to incorporate a physicochemical module. For a typical wastewater, 11 or more universal chemical components (Al, TIC, Ca, Cl, Fe(II), Fe(III), sulphide, K, Mg, Na and SO4) should be known as part of influent wastewater characteristics.…”

Section: Model Performance and Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The influent wastewater characterisation is the most important aspect of modelling plant-wide wastewater treatment and needs to be performed accurately. If the concentrations of COD, P and N fractions are not known the plant-wide model will give erroneous simulation results (Henze 2008, Vanrolleghem et al 2003. The characterization of primary effluent and/or primary sludge is equally important, particularly for organic fractions in the PST and is required for the calibration of the PST model ).…”

Section: Model Performance and Usementioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic modelling of minerals precipitation in wastewater treatment

Mbamba¹

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In wastewater treatment, there is an increasing focus on nutrient and energy recovery and a reduction in energy consumption to counter climate change. Because of this, integrated mathematical modelling platforms are required to support plant-wide developments making use of emerging, resilient and environmental-friendly technologies. A reliable model description of a wastewater treatment plant should include both biology and physico-chemistry. However, existing standard models used across the wastewater sector have a biological focus with over-simplified descriptions of important physicochemistry, especially with minerals precipitation which is a very important class of physicochemical reactions.As part of development of a more widely applicable physicochemical framework, this thesis sought to identify a suitable minerals precipitation modelling approach that could give reasonable results in mainstream use with wastewater treatment. This research aim was approached in three steps. Firstly a review of available modelling approaches suggested a simple equilibrium kinetic-based modelling approach could be feasible. This approach was then validated in a simple system of calcite in synthetic solutions using pH titration experiments with the reliable Constant Composition Method (CCM).Further statistical analysis focused on clarifying key environmental factors that influence calcite precipitation to determine whether these are necessary to include in a model. Secondly, the proposed model approach was further tested on different types of wastewater and for multiple parallel precipitation reactions. Experiments included dynamic titration or aeration with synthetic wastewater and real wastewater. Thirdly, the general physicochemical modelling approach was implemented in a plant-wide platform together with standard biological models, namely activated sludge model No 2 (ASM2d) and Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1). The plant-wide model evaluation compared simulations with real data from a full-scale wastewater treatment plant, and used steadystate, dynamic and scenario analyses to test the model performance.Experimental evidence for calcite precipitating in synthetic aqueous solutions, suggested that minerals precipitation kinetics could be reliably described with a 1 st order dependency on mineral Further testing for multi-species systems in real wastewater indicated that precipitation was dominated by the mineral struvite, forming together with varied and minor amounts of calcium phosphate and some calcium carbonate. Kinetic rate coefficients (kcryst), which were statistically fitted, were generally in the range 0.35-11.6 h -1 with 95% confidence intervals of 10-80% relative.The results confirmed that the baseline model approach provided a statistically good fit of measured pH, dissolved calcium, magnesium, total inorganic carbon and phosphate. With this application, the precipitation modelling approach offered the advantage of only requiring a minimal number of empirical fitted parameters (kcryst values), res...

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Transient response of aerobic and anoxic activated sludge activities to sudden substrate concentration changes

Vanrolleghem¹,

Sin²,

Gernaey³

2004

Biotech & Bioengineering

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The state-of-the-art understanding of activated sludge processes as summarized in activated sludge models (ASMs) predicts an instantaneous increase in the biomass activity (which is measured, e.g., by the corresponding respiration rate OUR, NUR, etc.) under sudden substrate concentration changes. Experimental data (e.g., short-term batch respiration experiments under aerobic or anoxic conditions) collected for the calibration of the dynamic models (ASMs) often exhibit a transient phenomenon while attaining maximum activity, which cannot be explained by the current understanding of the activated sludge process. That transient phenomenon exhibits itself immediately upon addition of a substrate source to an endogenously respiring activated sludge sample and it usually takes a few minutes until the activated sludge reaches its maximum possible rate under given environmental conditions. This discrepancy between the state-of-the-art model and the experimental data is addressed in detail in this investigation. It is shown that the discrepancy is not caused by an error in the experimental set-up/data but it is rather due to model inadequacy. Among the hypotheses proposed, it appears that this transient response of the activated sludge most likely results from the sequence of intracellular reactions involved in substrate degradation by the activated sludge. Results from studies performed elsewhere with pure cultures (S. cerevisae and E. coli) support the hypothesis. The transient phenomenon can be described by a dynamic metabolic network model or by a simple first-order model, as adopted in this study. The transient phenomenon occurring in short-term batch respiration experiments is shown to interfere severely with parameter estimation if not modeled properly (2.8%, 11.5%, and 16.8% relative errors [average of three experiments] on Y(H), micro(maxH), and K(S), respectively). Proper modeling of this transient phenomenon whose time constant is on the order of minutes (1 to 3 min) is expected to contribute fundamentally to a better understanding and modeling of Orbal, carousel, and SBR-type treatment plants with fast-alternating process conditions, although such studies are beyond the scope of this report.

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A Comprehensive Model Calibration Procedure for Activated Sludge Models

Cited by 114 publications

References 51 publications

Kinetic Constants of Decomposition of the Municipal Solid Waste Prior to and after Mechanical-Biological Processing. Field Scale / Stałe Kinetyczne Rozkładu Zmieszanych Odpadów Komunalnych Przed I Po Mechaniczno-Biologicznym Przetworzeniu. Skala Polowa

Kinetic Constants of Decomposition of the Municipal Solid Waste Prior to and after Mechanical-Biological Processing. Field Scale / Stałe Kinetyczne Rozkładu Zmieszanych Odpadów Komunalnych Przed I Po Mechaniczno-Biologicznym Przetworzeniu. Skala Polowa

Dynamic modelling of minerals precipitation in wastewater treatment

Transient response of aerobic and anoxic activated sludge activities to sudden substrate concentration changes

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