A Comprehensive Potentiometric Study of the Tartrate Complexes of Trivalent Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth in Aqueous Solution

Abstract

The tartrate complexes of trivalent arsenic, antimony, and bismuth were studied potentiometrically. The existing, fragmentary data on the antimony/l-(+)-tartrate system were confirmed. Nine complexes of arsenic and bismuth with optically active, racemic, and meso-tartrate, as well as complexes of antimony with meso-tartrate, were newly identified, and their formation constants computed. Difficulties arising from the poor stability of the arsenic complexes and precipitation in the Sb­(III)/meso-tartrate system were overcome by titrating at very high concentrations [As­(III) systems] and using an auxiliary ligand [Sb­(III) in the presence of catechol]. All data were obtained at 25.0 °C and at constant ionic strength [0.1 mol L–1 for Sb­(III) and Bi­(III) complexes and 1 mol L–1 for As­(III) complexes]. Speciation diagrams of all systems at millimolar concentrations were computed on the basis of the newly obtained constants and the results discussed.

Selective Low-Level Detection of a Perilous Nitroaromatic Compound Using Tailor-Made Cd(II)-Based Coordination Polymers: Study of Photophysical Properties and Effect of Functional Groups

“…Therefore, considering the influence of the functional groups on the electron deficiency of this analyte series, TNP is listed at the top and imposes a higher susceptibility toward greater π···π interaction with the pendent benzene ring available among these sensory probes . Furthermore, the p K a values of TNP and DNP are 0.42 and 4.09, respectively, which also significantly justify the higher response toward TNP over DNP. , …”

Stability Constants of Tetravalent Germanium Complexes in Aqueous Solution: Small Organic Oxygen and Nitrogen Donor Ligands

“…Details on the instrumentation, calibration, titration, reagent standardization, data acquisition, and computation (by the software HYPERQUAD, 24 version 6.0.1, Protonic software, U.K.) were previously published in this journal. 25 Briefly, all titrations were carried out at an ionic strength of 0.1 mol L −1 , which was adjusted by KNO 3 . Protonation constants of ligands were determined by titration of solutions of the ligand alone with a standardized base (0.1 mol L −1 KOH).…”

“…Speciation diagrams were computed using ChemEQL 3.1, written by B. Muller and described earlier. 25 All potentiometric (raw) data from which the equilibrium constants in this work were computed have been made available to the public in the repository Zenodo under DOI 10.5281/ zenodo.8150768 in XML format.…”

Multi-stimuli responsive (l-tartrato)oxovanadium(v) complex salt with ferroelectric switching and thermistor properties

“…Compounds and complexes of tartaric acid have been studied for centuries, and yet the number of tartrato transition metal complexes is not very large (less than 300 deposits in the CSD). 1,2 This may be related to the rather complex behaviour of this seemingly simple a-hydroxycarboxylic acid, which depends strongly on the experimental conditions, and to the stability problems that some of the tartrato complexes exhibit in the solid state. [3][4][5][6][7] This is also one of the reasons why the solution chemistry of the tartrato complexes has been studied much more thoroughly than the solid state using various methods, i.e., UV-vis spectroscopy, conductometry, cryoscopy, infrared spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, polarography, and cyclic voltammetry.…”

“…, UV-vis spectroscopy, conductometry, cryoscopy, infrared spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, polarography, and cyclic voltammetry. 1,3–7 Considering its availability, low cost, nontoxicity, and natural occurrence in the enantiomeric form, l -(+)-tartaric acid (C 4 H 6 O 6 ) could find much wider application in the development and preparation of inorganic–organic materials as chiral building units.…”