A Comprehensive Review About SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first identified in China, December 2019. Since then, it has spread the length and breadth of the world at an unprecedented, alarming rate. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, which causes COVID-19, has much in common with its closest homologs, SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV. The virus–host interaction of SARS-CoV-2 uses the same receptor, ACE2, which is similar to that of SARS-CoV, which spreads through the respiratory tract. Patients with COVID-19 report symptoms including mild-to-severe fever, cough and fatigue; very few patients report gastrointestinal infections. There are no specific antiviral strategies. A few strong medications are under investigation, so we have to focus on proposals which ought to be taken to forestall this infection in a living host.

Recent Progress Using De Novo Design to Study Protein Structure, Design and Binding Interactions

“…More recently the study of PPIs has been used to develop interventions to the SARS-CoV-2 virus (commonly known as COVID-19), the cause of the worldwide pandemic [ 82 ]. Various groups have been using de novo designed peptides to both study the function of this virus as well as develop peptides that can interfere with the attachment of the spike protein to angiotensin 2 [ 83 ].…”

Aptamers for Detection and Diagnostics (ADD): Can mobile systems process optical data from aptamer sensors to identify molecules indicating presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus? Should healthcare explore aptamers as drugs for prevention as well as its use as adjuvants with antibodies and vaccines?

“…Free RNA in higher animals rapidly activate host immune response. SARS-CoV-2 replicates its RNA inside coated vesicles 472 in infected cells to evade immune surveillance. The promise of synthetic mRNA immunotherapies 473 and its success as a CoVID-19 vaccine displays excellence in intellectual pursuit, plight and perseverance.…”

Aptamers for Detection and Diagnostics (ADD) is a proposed mobile app acquiring optical data from conjugated quantum nanodots to identify molecules indicating presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus: Why public health and healthcare need smartphone sensors as a platform for early detection and prevention

“…Free RNA in higher animals rapidly activate host immune response. SARS-CoV-2 replicates its RNA inside coated vesicles 461 in infected cells to evade immune surveillance. The promise of synthetic mRNA immunotherapies 462 and its success as a CoVID-19 vaccine displays excellence in intellectual pursuit, plight and perseverance.…”