A Comprehensive Review and Technical Guideline for Optimal Design and Operations of Fuel Cell-Based Cogeneration Systems

Abstract

The need for energy is increasing from year to year and has to be fulfilled by developing innovations in energy generation systems. Cogeneration is one of the matured technologies in energy generation, which has been implemented since the last decade. Cogeneration is defined as energy generation unit that simultaneously produced electricity and heat from a single primary fuel source. Currently, the implementation of this system has been spread over the world for stationary and mobile power generation in residential, industrial and transportation uses. On the other hand, fuel cells as an emerging energy conversion device are potential prime movers for this cogeneration system due to its high heat production and flexibility in its fuel usage. Even though the fuel cell-based cogeneration system has been popularly implemented in research and commercialization sectors, the review regarding this technology is still limited. Focusing on the optimal design of the fuel cell-based cogeneration system, this study attempts to provide a comprehensive review, guideline and future prospects of this technology. With an up-to-date literature list, this review study becomes an important source for researchers who are interested in developing this system for future implementation.

Integration of Gasification and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) for Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

“…These studies include biomass gasification, gas cleaning system and high temperature FCs (fuel cells). The increased development of the fuel cell-based cogeneration system has contributed to the rise of publications and to the development of commercial products in the last years [76]. These publications consider the FCs as the most promising cogeneration systems.…”

Self-Humidifying Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications: Advances and Challenges

“…Having the potential to reduce energy consumption and air pollution has made polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) worthy of further development and commercialization [4]. PEFCs provide efficient, clean, and noise-free power for a wide range of applications from transportation to stationary and portable devices, through the conversion of hydrogen chemical energy to electricity [5,6]. In particular, PEFCs are perfectly suitable for transportation usage on account of their relatively high power density [7,8].…”

“…Although the complete reaction in the PEFC is presented in Equation ( 3), the direct combination of H 2 and O 2 on the catalyst surface merely leads to heat and water production, according to Equation (4) [10]. hydrogen chemical energy to electricity [5,6]. In particular, PEFCs are perfectly suitable for transportation usage on account of their relatively high power density [7,8].…”

Low Pollution Emission to Purify Fuel Cell Technology Comprehensively: A Review

“…In line with energy generation systems development; the cogeneration systems, and produce the power heat, have been received much attention. The history of cogeneration technology comes back to 1977 when the coal and oil were used as the fuels, but with increasing the fuel price, it became gloomy (4) . However, this technology became more popular in the last decade on finding out new, renewable, clean and economical Energy sources like thermal photovoltaic Panels, Stirling engines and fuel cell.…”