A comprehensive review of carbon molecular sieve membranes for hydrogen production and purification

Sazali, Norazlianie

doi:10.1007/s00170-020-05196-y

Cited by 39 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…A wide variety of porous materials have been explored for H 2 separation from mixed gas streams for hydrogen storage − but H 2 /D 2 separation continues to be a challenge. The nearly identical chemical nature of hydrogen isotopes provides unique challenges in separation, which cannot be achieved through traditional methods such as molecular sieving . Traditionally, hydrogen isotope separation has been achieved through electrolysis of heavy water extracted through the Girdler-sulfide process or by cryogenic distillation at 24 K .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nearly identical chemical nature of hydrogen isotopes provides unique challenges in separation, which cannot be achieved through traditional methods such as molecular sieving. 11 Traditionally, hydrogen isotope separation has been achieved through electrolysis of heavy water extracted through the Girdler-sulfide process 12 or by cryogenic distillation at 24 K. 13 These processes are energy intensive and are currently driven primarily via precious metal (Pd and Pt)-based adsorption systems. 14−16 Recently, isotopic separation has been approached using nanoporous materials for size or adsorption sieving.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design Elements for Enhanced Hydrogen Isotope Separations in Barely Porous Organic Cages

2022

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Barely porous organic cages (POCs) successfully separate hydrogen isotopes (H2/D2) at temperatures below 100 K. Identifying the mechanisms that control the separation process is key to the design of next-generation hydrogen separation materials. Here, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations are used to elucidate the mechanisms that control D2 and H2 separation in barely POCs with varying functionalization. The temperature and pore size dependence were identified, including the selective capture of D2 in three different CC3 structures (RCC3, CC3-S, and 6ET-RCC3). The temperature versus capture trend was reversed for the 6ET-RCC3 structure, identifying that the D2 and H2 escape mechanisms are unique in highly functionalized systems. Analysis of calculated isotope velocities identified effective pore sizes that extend beyond the pore opening distances, resulting in increased capture in minimally functionalized CC3-S and RCC3. In a highly functionalized POC, 6ET-RCC3, higher velocities of the H isotopes were calculated moving through the restricted pore compared to the rest of the system, identifying a unique molecular behavior in the barely nanoporous pore openings. By using AIMD, mechanisms of H2 and D2 separation were identified, allowing for the targeted design of future novel materials for hydrogen isotope separation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Elements for Enhanced Hydrogen Isotope Separations in Barely Porous Organic Cages

2022

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“…The conversion of carbon from the sp 3 state to sp 2 during pyrolysis beyond 500 °C is usually accompanied by microstructural changes such as the rearrangement of graphitic sp 2 carbon strands into stacked sheets, which results in improved molecular sieving properties [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]. In the current study, the microstructural change occurring during the pyrolysis of SZ-PB between 550 and 750 °C was investigated despite the small weight loss observed between these two temperatures using nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Stability of Hydrogen-Selective Carbon–Ceramic Membranes Derived from Polybenzoxazine-Modified Silica–Zirconia

et al. 2022

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This work investigated the long-term hydrothermal performance of composite carbon-SiO2-ZrO2 membranes. A carbon-SiO2-ZrO2 composite was formed from the inert pyrolysis of SiO2-ZrO2-polybenzoxazine resin. The carbon-SiO2-ZrO2 composites prepared at 550 and 750 °C had different surface and microstructural properties. A carbon-SiO2-ZrO2 membrane fabricated at 750 °C exhibited H2 selectivity over CO2, N2, and CH4 of 27, 139, and 1026, respectively, that were higher than those of a membrane fabricated at 550 °C (5, 12, and 11, respectively). In addition to maintaining high H2 permeance and selectivity, the carbon-SiO2-ZrO2 membrane fabricated at 750 °C also showed better stability under hydrothermal conditions at steam partial pressures of 90 (30 mol%) and 150 kPa (50 mol%) compared with the membrane fabricated at 500 °C. This was attributed to the complete pyrolytic and ceramic transformation of the microstructure after pyrolysis at 750 °C. This work thus demonstrates the promise of carbon-SiO2-ZrO2 membranes for H2 separation under severe hydrothermal conditions.

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“…In this respect, carbon membranes have an outstanding performance in the separation of the H 2 /CO 2 pair [181]. As shown in Figure 11, phenolic resin-based carbon membranes offer higher separation performance compared to polymer-type membranes.…”

Section: Hydrogen Purification (H 2 /Co 2 )mentioning

confidence: 97%

Review on the preparation of carbon membranes derived from phenolic resins for gas separation: From petrochemical precursors to bioresources

Torres

Pérez-Rodríguez

Laetitia

et al. 2021

Carbon

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A comprehensive review of carbon molecular sieve membranes for hydrogen production and purification

Cited by 39 publications

References 134 publications

Design Elements for Enhanced Hydrogen Isotope Separations in Barely Porous Organic Cages

Design Elements for Enhanced Hydrogen Isotope Separations in Barely Porous Organic Cages

Hydrothermal Stability of Hydrogen-Selective Carbon–Ceramic Membranes Derived from Polybenzoxazine-Modified Silica–Zirconia

Review on the preparation of carbon membranes derived from phenolic resins for gas separation: From petrochemical precursors to bioresources

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