A comprehensive review of chitosan applications in paper science and technologies

Gal, Mostafa Rohi; Rahmaninia, Mehdi; Hubbe, Martin A.

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120665

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…Additives like chitosan and nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) have emerged as sustainable and abundant raw alternatives that are capable of improving the wet strength of paper packaging without compromising its biodegradability [ 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is derived from chitin, a natural biopolymer that is found in the shells of crustaceans like crabs and shrimp. Chitin is the second most abundant natural polymer in the world after cellulose [ 11 ]. Chitosan can be obtained by deacetylating chitin, which removes the acetyl groups from the molecule and leaves behind a positively charged amino group [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chitin is the second most abundant natural polymer in the world after cellulose [ 11 ]. Chitosan can be obtained by deacetylating chitin, which removes the acetyl groups from the molecule and leaves behind a positively charged amino group [ 11 , 12 ]. The degree of deacetylation of chitosan can vary, affecting the properties of the molecule, including its solubility, viscosity, and reactivity [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The crosslinking between the chitosan and cellulose fibers is due to the electrostatic interaction between the positively charged amino group of chitosan and the negatively charged hydroxyl groups of cellulose. This interaction can form hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds, and a polyelectric complex, which stabilize the cellulose fibers and prevent them from disintegrating in the presence of water [ 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 ]. Chitosan can also form a barrier on the surface of paper that protects it from water damage [ 18 , 20 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Paper Packaging’s Wet Strength Using the Synergy between Chitosan and Nanofibrillated Cellulose Additives

Andze,

Skute,

Zoldners

et al. 2024

Polymers

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The demand for eco-friendly packaging materials has urged researchers to look for alternatives to petroleum-based polymers. In this regard, paper-based products have turned out to be a promising choice; however, their weak resistance to water has limited their application. The use of various additives to enhance paper’s moisture resistance is a common practice. However, considering the growing global agenda for sustainable development, the search for new bio-based paper additives has become increasingly important. This study investigated the potential synergistic impact of the addition of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and chitosan additives (CHIT) to different fiber combinations to improve paper’s properties, in particular, their wet strength. The efficacy of the additive application order was examined and was found to be crucial in achieving the desired outcomes. The results showed that incorporating CHIT after NFC enhanced the paper’s tensile and burst indicators, as well as the paper stretch in the dry state, by 35–70%, 35–55%, and 20–35%, respectively. In addition, the tensile index and stretch in the wet state improved 9–13 times and 2.5–5.5 times over, respectively. The air permeability decreased 2.5–12 times over. These findings demonstrate that the sequential addition of the NFC and CHIT additives yield a greater enhancement of paper’s properties than using each additive separately.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Enhancing Paper Packaging’s Wet Strength Using the Synergy between Chitosan and Nanofibrillated Cellulose Additives

Andze,

Skute,

Zoldners

et al. 2024

Polymers

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show abstract

“…They exhibit antibacterial, immunostimulating, antitumor, wound healing, and other properties [ 4 , 29 ]. The unique properties of this biopolymer lead to its increased use in many fields: the food industry and nutrition [ 26 ], medicine [ 29 , 30 , 31 ] and biomedicine [ 20 , 32 , 33 ], pharmacy [ 13 ], cosmetology [ 11 ], agriculture [ 34 , 35 ], paper industries and functional textiles [ 36 , 37 ], the edible film industry and packaging [ 38 ], environmental chemistry [ 39 ], biotechnology [ 40 ], nanotechnology [ 41 ], and aquaculture [ 4 , 26 , 42 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Heterogeneous Alkaline Deacetylation of Chitin: A Review

et al. 2023

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This review provides an analysis of experimental results on the study of alkaline heterogeneous deacetylation of chitin obtained by the authors and also published in the literature. A detailed analysis of the reaction kinetics was carried out considering the influence of numerous factors: reaction reversibility, crystallinity and porosity of chitin, changes in chitin morphology during washing, alkali concentration, diffusion of hydroxide ions, and hydration of reacting particles. A mechanism for the chitin deacetylation reaction is proposed, taking into account its kinetic features in which the decisive role is assigned to the effects of hydration. It has been shown that the rate of chitin deacetylation increases with a decrease in the degree of hydration of hydroxide ions in a concentrated alkali solution. When the alkali concentration is less than the limit of complete hydration, the reaction practically does not occur. Hypotheses have been put forward to explain the decrease in the rate of the reaction in the second flat portion of the kinetic curve. The first hypothesis is the formation of “free” water, leading to the hydration of chitin molecules and a decrease in the reaction rate. The second hypothesis postulates the formation of a stable amide anion of chitosan, which prevents the nucleophilic attack of the chitin macromolecule by hydroxide ions.

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Moisture‐Driven Actuators

Tang,

Zhao,

Liu

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Water constitutes a huge circulation network in solid, liquid and gaseous forms that contains inestimable recyclable energy. Obtaining energy from gaseous moisture is challenging but of great significance to promote the energy upgrading. The emergence of moisture‐driven actuator (MDA) provides an effective way in converting moisture energy to mechanical energy. The MDA can combine with water molecules through hygroscopicity and swell to produce macroscopic deformation. Due to the wide distribution of humidity and the wireless driving mode, MDA shows great application potential in the fields of environmental monitoring, remote control and energy harvesting. This paper comprehensively reviews the research progress of MDA from aspects of hydrophilic materials, structures, preparing methods, multi‐response integration and applications, aiming at providing guidance for the design, preparation and application of MDA. Besides, the challenges faced by MDA are analyzed and corresponding solutions are proposed, which points out the next stage developing direction of MDA.

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A comprehensive review of chitosan applications in paper science and technologies

Cited by 40 publications

References 176 publications

Enhancing Paper Packaging’s Wet Strength Using the Synergy between Chitosan and Nanofibrillated Cellulose Additives

Enhancing Paper Packaging’s Wet Strength Using the Synergy between Chitosan and Nanofibrillated Cellulose Additives

Mechanism of Heterogeneous Alkaline Deacetylation of Chitin: A Review

Moisture‐Driven Actuators

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