A Comprehensive Review of Demand-Side Management Based on Analysis of Productivity: Techniques and Applications

Abstract

Demand-side management (DSM) includes various persuasive measures to improve the use of energy; thus, it has been studied from various perspectives in the literature. Nowadays, the context of productivity has an important role in the evaluation of the electrical energy systems. Accordingly, this paper presents a platform to comprehensively contemplate the DSM from the productivity perspective that features its three aspects. First, the widespread indices of DSM are manifestly redefined, and a plenary index of DSM is introduced, reflecting both energy and investment productivity. Second, the modification of energy efficacy and consumption pattern is discussed, considering a general categorization of DSM modalities based on the pertaining index of each branch. Third, a modified model of demand response (DR) is developed to implement seven DR strategies in the smart microgrids. The simulation results demonstrate that the load factor can improve up to 8.12% with respect to the normal consumption pattern. Moreover, the load factor can be further enhanced at least by 4.22% in comparison with the customary model.

Recent developments of demand‐side management towards flexible DER‐rich power systems: A systematic review

“…Regarding the data and control actions flow through the communication systems, the previous control levels can implement centralized, distributed, and decentralized control based on the communication structure, as discussed in detail in reference [218]. Moreover, the various applied controllers can be conventional such as proportionalintegral-derivative (PID) controllers, non-linear controllers such as sliding mode controllers, predictive controllers, such as model predictive controllers, and AI controllers, as investigated in [213].…”

“…That is supported by current challenges and an overview of future technologies. The same content is presented in references [23][24][25].…”

“…Demand factor (DF) 'The peak load demand divided by the average available electrical power during a specified time span' [213].…”

“…Capacity factor (CF) 'The average supplied electrical power divided by the maximum suppliable electrical power during a specified time span' [213].…”

Simulation of power consumption control of receivers at underground iron ore mining enterprises

“…For example, [7,8], [9,10] and [11] provide a detailed analysis of the methods used to control power consumption in the internal power grid. In this case, they consider different optimization criteria that can be used.…”