2001
DOI: 10.1592/phco.21.20.1486.34472
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A Comprehensive Review of MDMA and GHB: Two Common Club Drugs

Abstract: "Club drugs" have become alarmingly popular. The use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) and gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), in particular, has increased dramatically from 1997-1999. The pharmacokinetics of MDMA and GHB appear to be nonlinear, making it difficult to estimate a dose-response relationship. The drug MDMA is an amphetamine analog with sympathomimetic properties, whereas GHB is a gamma-aminobutyric acid analog with sedative properties. Symptoms of an MDMA toxic reaction include tachyc… Show more

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Cited by 98 publications
(66 citation statements)
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References 222 publications
(357 reference statements)
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“…Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a popular drug of abuse used for its euphoric, anabolic, sedative, and amnestic properties [1]. A low therapeutic index and common use have led to it being a significant cause of drug-induced coma [2], observed in association with bradycardia, myoclonus, and respiratory depression [3].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a popular drug of abuse used for its euphoric, anabolic, sedative, and amnestic properties [1]. A low therapeutic index and common use have led to it being a significant cause of drug-induced coma [2], observed in association with bradycardia, myoclonus, and respiratory depression [3].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Es difícil precisar si la sustancia actúa como desencadenante en personalidades premórbidas o induce alteraciones psiquiátri-cas en sujetos sanos; además hay que tener en cuenta que los niveles de MDMA en suero no se correlacionan directamente con los síntomas clínicos, aunque si parece ser que dosis elevadas se relacionan con episodios psicóticos inducidos (3) . Asi mismo hay que tener en cuenta que los consumidores habituales de MDMA no suelen ser "fieles" a esta sustancia, existiendo una tasa muy elevada de policonsumidores (8) .…”
Section: Mdma (Extasis) Y Similaresunclassified
“…Los usuarios describen la intoxicación por GHB como muy similar a la intoxicación por alcohol (recordad el uso del GHB para tratar el síndrome de abstinencia de alcohol) (3,12,13) y ambas sustancias pueden actuar sinérgica-mente aumentando el riesgo de intoxicación y sobredosis.…”
Section: Ghb (Gammahidroxibutirato) Y Simi-laresunclassified
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“…La consommation volontaire altérant la conscience doit être considérée. Par exemple, dans le cas du GHB, la consommation volontaire est de plus en plus courante dans certains milieux (Teter et Guthrie, 2001 ;Rouillard, 2003). Par ailleurs, la consommation de substances est très fréquente autant chez l'agresseur que chez la victime (Abbey, 2002).…”
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