A comprehensive review of nanofiltration membranes:Treatment, pretreatment, modelling, and atomic force microscopy

Hilal, Nidal; Al-Zoubi, H.; Darwish, Naif A.; Mohamma, A.W.; Abu-Arabi, Mousa

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2004.01.007

Cited by 678 publications

(302 citation statements)

References 161 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…Most of research studies have focused on improving properties of interfacially polymerized film and subsequently the membrane separation properties by optimizing preparation parameters such as monomer concentration in aqueous/organic solution, monomer ratios, reaction time and post-treatment [11][12][13][14]. The presence of additives in aqueous/organic solution in fact is also as important as aforementioned parameters in altering the structure of film.…”

Section: Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

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A recent progress in thin film composite membrane: A review

et al. 2012

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Section: Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these, IP is of particular interest in composite membrane preparation by taking into account a considerable amount of research work that has been conducted so far. These include several relevant review papers [12][13][14][15] and a book of NF published in 2003 [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A recent progress in thin film composite membrane: A review

et al. 2012

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“…Nanofiltration (NF) is a pressure driven membrane-based desalination technique. The pore sizes of NF membranes are between that of reverse osmosis (RO) and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] . NF has the unique capability to preferentially remove multivalent ions [7] [8].…”

Section: Significance Of Nanofiltration For Elevated Feed Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature on ion transport in nanofiltration membranes: Diffusion, convection and electromigration

2017

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Nanofiltration performance as a function of feed temperature is relevant to several industrial settings including pretreatment for scale control in thermal desalination. Understanding of solute transport as a function of temperature is critical for effective membrane and system design. In this study, nanofiltration is modeled at 22, 40 and 50 o C using the Donnan Steric Pore Model with dielectric exclusion (DSPM-DE).This modeling includes the temperature dependence of the three modes of solute transport, namely the convective, electromigrative, and diffusive modes, and the three mechanisms of solute exclusion, namely Donnan, steric, and dielectric exclusion. The effect of temperature is captured through the variation of membrane parameters and solvent and ionic mobilities with temperature. We compare the most abundant ionic compound in natural water, sodium-chloride with magnesium-chloride to portray how the salt passage and rejection change for a 1:1 salt compared to a 2:1 salt, and we analyze Arabian Gulf seawater to understand how rejection of scale-forming ions, such as Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ , is affected by feed temperature.In all cases, solute transport increases with temperature, attributed predominantly to the cumulative effect of membrane parameters and only to a small extent (up to 5%) to the solvent viscosity and ion diffusivity together.Keywords: Nanofiltration, Temperature, Ion transport, Desalination

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“…Perhaps the most common option is chemical softening, which would precipitate the barium, calcium, magnesium, and strontium (and other compounds) as metal-carbonate salts. Nanofiltration has also been used to remove divalent ions [46] in a pretreatment step. Antiscalants, such as any number of EDTA salts, can complex scale-forming metals, effectively reducing the activity of the free metal ion.…”

Section: Options For Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating produced water from hydraulic fracturing: Composition effects on scale formation and desalination system selection

Thiel

Lienhard

2014

Desalination

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Produced water from unconventional gas and oil extraction may be hypersaline with uncommon combinations of dissolved ions. The aim of this analysis is to aid in the selection of produced water treatment technology by identifying the temperature, pH, and recovery ratio under which mineral solid formation from these produced waters is likely to occur. Eight samples of produced water from the Permian Basin and the Marcellus shale are discussed, with an average TDS of about 177 g/L but significant variability. Crystallization potential is quantified by the saturation index, and activity coefficients are calculated using the Pitzer model. The method is applied to estimate solid formation in the treatment of two design case samples: a 183 g/L sample representing the Permian Basin water and a 145 g/L sample representing the Marcellus. Without pretreatment, the most likely solids to form, defined by highest saturation index, are: CaCO 3 , FeCO 3 , MgCO 3 , MnCO 3 , SrCO 3 , BaSO 4 , CaSO 4 , MgSO 4 and SrSO 4 . Some options for mitigating the formation of these scales are discussed. With appropriate pretreatment, it is estimated that recovery ratios of as high as 40-50% are achievable before NaCl, a major constituent, is likely to limit further concentration without significant crystallization.

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A comprehensive review of nanofiltration membranes:Treatment, pretreatment, modelling, and atomic force microscopy

Cited by 678 publications

References 161 publications

A recent progress in thin film composite membrane: A review

A recent progress in thin film composite membrane: A review

Effect of temperature on ion transport in nanofiltration membranes: Diffusion, convection and electromigration

Treating produced water from hydraulic fracturing: Composition effects on scale formation and desalination system selection

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