A Comprehensive Review of Organic Hole‐Transporting Materials for Highly Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have attracted unprecedented attention due to their negligible hysteresis, long‐term operational stability, low temperature, and cost‐effective fabrication process, as well as wide applications. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of IPSCs has skyrocketed from 3.9% in 2013 to certified 26.1% in 2023, which is over the certified 25.8% of regular counterpart, benefiting from the emergence of a great number of organic hole‐transporting materials (HTM). This review provides an overview of the recent development of organic hole‐transporting materials in the efficiency and stability of IPSCs, including organic small molecules and conjugated conductive polymers. The effective strategies for the charge‐transport layer and perovskite films of IPSCs are also discussed. Finally, the prospective for further development of IPSCs is outlined, including developing novel hole‐transporting materials and fabricating techniques to meet the requirements of commercial application.

Recent Research Progress and Perspectives on Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Analogues for Perovskite Solar Cell Applications

“…Over the past decade, PSCs have approached the theoretical performance limits outlined by the Shockley−Queisser model, showcasing significant advancements in PCE. 80 However, broader commercial adoption remains hindered by persistent challenges related to the stability and scalability of manufacturing processes. 81 Notably, environmental factors such as thermal fluctuations, light exposure, and ambient moisture critically compromise the integrity of perovskite structures.…”

“…Over the past decade, PSCs have approached the theoretical performance limits outlined by the Shockley–Queisser model, showcasing significant advancements in PCE . However, broader commercial adoption remains hindered by persistent challenges related to the stability and scalability of manufacturing processes .…”

Structural divergence of molecular hole selective materials for viable p-i-n perovskite photovoltaics: a comprehensive review

“…85,112,113 Eminent research groups reviewed the development and prospects of organic HSMs for p-i-n PSCs in recent years. 84,112–121 As most of the organic HSMs incorporated phenylamine derivatives as donor units, understanding the influence of the different types of central core structural units in determining photovoltaic and stability performance will provide important information for selecting core units in future HSM molecular design for p-i-n PSCs. However, so far, comprehensive analyses of these central core units for p-i-n PSCs are limited in the literature.…”