A comprehensive review of the progress of cell migration inducing hyaluronidase 1

Abstract

The gene cell migration inducing hyaluronidase 1 (CEMIP) is on chromosome 15q25 and codes for a 150-kDa protein with an N-terminal secretion signal, a G8 domain, 2 GG domains, and several repeats. It was first described as a specific protein in the inner ear relating to nonsyndromic hearing loss. Recently, increasing research detected its association in various cancers, determining the progression, metastasis, and prognosis by influencing the proliferation and invasion of the cells. This relation is accomplished through various interacting pathways, such as the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway. Thus, CEMIP could be a novel and potential focus for tumor diagnosis and treatment, but further studies on the regulatory role of CEMIP in vivo and in vitro are still needed. Herein, we summarize the process in recent studies of CEMIP, especially in cancer research. Abbreviations: AMPK = AMP-activated protein kinase, BiP = binding immunoglobulin, CA19-9 = cancer antigen 19-9, CASC19 = cancer susceptibility 19, CCA = cholangiocarcinoma, CDH23 = cadherin-related 23, CEMIP = cell migration-inducing hyaluronidase 1, CRC = colorectal cancer, ECM = extracellular matrix, EGF = epidermal growth factor, EGFR = epidermal growth factor receptor, EMT = epithelial-mesenchymal transition, Fzd = frizzled, GJB2 = gap junction protein beta 2, GSK3β = glycogen synthase kinase 3β, HUGE = human unidentified gene-encoded, MEK1 = mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, NADPH = reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NF-κB = nuclear factor-κB, PKC = protein kinase C, PP2A = protein phosphatase 2A, PTP4A3 = protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA member 3, SLC26A4 = Solute carrier family 26 member 4, TCF/LEF = T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor, TMEM2L = transmembrane protein 2-like, TUG1 = taurine-upregulated gene 1, WBP11 = WW domain binding protein 11, ZO1 = Zona occludens 1.