A Comprehensive Review on Dental Calculus

Aghanashini, Suchetha; Puvvalla, Bhavana; Mundinamane, Darshan B; Apoorva, SM; Bhat, Divya; Lalwani, Manjari

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10042-1034

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In some teeth, especially in the mandible, deposits of dental calculus are present under the calcite layer ( Fig 5 ). Dental calculus is mineralized bacterial plaque and occurs on the crown or the root surface [ 12 , 18 ]; in the living, it may irritate the gums and, together with dental plaque, is among the main causes of gingivitis and periodontal disease [ 19 ]. In this specimen, observations suggest that calculus deposits are just below the CEJ, above the edge of the alveolar bone and above the root furcation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ observations on the dentition and oral cavity of the Neanderthal skeleton from Altamura (Italy)

Riga¹,

Boggioni²,

Papini³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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The Neanderthal specimen from Lamalunga Cave, near Altamura (Apulia, Italy), was discovered during a speleological survey in 1993. The specimen is one of the most complete fossil hominins in Europe and its state of preservation is exceptional, although it is stuck in calcareous concretions and the bones are mostly covered by calcite depositions. Nevertheless, it is possible to carry out some observations on craniodental features that have not previously been described. In this work, we present an account of the oral cavity, made possible by the use of a videoscope, which allowed us to reach some hidden parts of the mandible and palate. This is the first detailed overview of the teeth and maxillary bones of the Neanderthal skeleton from Altamura. The dentition is almost complete. However, two teeth (upper right P3 and upper left M1) were lost ante mortem and four teeth (lower right I1 and P3 and lower left I1 and I2) were lost most probably post mortem. Dental wear is marked. The erupted M3s and the inversion of the compensating curve of Wilson in the M1s and M2s but not in the M3s suggest that the individual is fully adult, but not old. Although most of the teeth have their roots exposed for several millimeters, the periodontal bone appears to be in good condition overall, except in correspondence of the two ante-mortem tooth losses. X-rays of the anterior teeth show a periapical lesion, probably linked to the advanced dental wear. We also observed a weak expression of taurodontism in the posterior dentition and the presence of a retromolar space, features consistent with an attribution to the Neanderthal hypodigm; this attribution is also supported by aspects of the cranial morphology, the morphometric analysis of the scapula and preliminary mtDNA data. There is also a well-developed palatine torus, to the best of our knowledge a feature not previously described in Neanderthals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ observations on the dentition and oral cavity of the Neanderthal skeleton from Altamura (Italy)

Riga¹,

Boggioni²,

Papini³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Dental plaque deposition and calculus accumulation increase with age [ 17 , 18 ]. Similarly, we found higher plaque and calculus indices in older patients compared to younger patients of the kidney stone group (Tables 3 - 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Kidney Stone and Dental Calculus in a Saudi Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Kaabi¹,

Khounganian²,

Alomar³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Objective: To investigate the correlation between dental calculus and kidney stones, and to identify the risk factors associated with the presence of these conditions. Methods: This study was carried out at the medical city, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between 2020 and 2021. The study included 141 participants (70 with kidney stones and 71 with controls). The dental plaque and calculus indices were used to record plaque and calculus scores, respectively. All information was statistically investigated and the level of significance was set at p <0.05. Results: The plaque and calculus indices were significantly higher in the control group when compared to the kidney stone group ( p <0.05). A weak positive correlation between age and the calculus index in the kidney stone group was revealed ( r =0.31, p =0.01). However, only within the age group 36-55, the results showed that the control group had a significantly higher calculus index than that of the kidney stone group ( p =0.02). The married patients with kidney stones scored a significantly higher plaque index than the unmarried patients ( p =0.03). Conclusion: The dental plaque and calculus indices were lower in the kidney stone group than those of the non-kidney stone group. Therefore, the clinical observation of dental plaque and calculus may not be indicators of kidney stones. However, within the kidney stone group, elderly and married patients could be at a higher risk for developing dental calculus and plaque, respectively.

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“…Their accumulation and attachment are facilitated by a roughened root surface, and undisturbed plaque accumulation will result in gingival inflammation within a few weeks and ultimately periodontal disease. 67,72 In humans, the degree of calculus and its location are population specific and are affected by oral hygiene habits, access to professional care, diet, age, ethnicity, origin, time since last cleaning, systemic disease and the use of medication. 73 In a group of sows which were found dead or were euthanized, dental calculus, with a moderate degree of severity, was present in 11% of the animals examined.…”

Section: Dental Calculusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental Disorders in Wild and Domestic Pigs (Sus Scrofa): A Review

et al. 2022

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Teeth in the mouth of vertebrates represent the modified descendants of bony dermal plates of ancestral fishes. Dental disorders, which are deviations of dental tissues origins, are derived from any or all of the dental tissues; enamel, dentin or cementum, and include dental abnormalities and diseases. These disorders can be influenced by genetic or environmental factors, or an interplay of both factors. This article reviews disorders that have been reported in both wild and domestic pigs and the frequency of occurrence of these conditions.

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A Comprehensive Review on Dental Calculus

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

In situ observations on the dentition and oral cavity of the Neanderthal skeleton from Altamura (Italy)

In situ observations on the dentition and oral cavity of the Neanderthal skeleton from Altamura (Italy)

Association Between Kidney Stone and Dental Calculus in a Saudi Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Dental Disorders in Wild and Domestic Pigs (Sus Scrofa): A Review

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