A Comprehensive Review on the Common Emerging Diseases in Quails.

El-Ghany, Wafaa A. Abd

doi:10.36380/jwpr.2019.20

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 136 publications

(167 reference statements)

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“…However, negative results from bacterial isolation testing, enteritis was found in four of the duck flocks (1–4) under investigation. This could be related to various factors such as enteric viruses, as explored by Abd El-Ghany (2021 ) who investigated the common emerging viral infections affecting ducks in Egypt, parasites, or poor hygiene and sanitary conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and identification of multidrug resistance bacterial agents implicated in duck enteritis with first record of Salmonella enterica subspecies arizonae in Egypt

Hussein,

Eid,

Hassaan

et al. 2024

Open Vet J

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Background: Bacterial infections causing digestive problems are among the most serious threats to Egypt's duck industry, owing to their effects on feed utilization and body weight gain. Aim: As a result, the goal of this study was to identify bacterial pathogens causing enteritis in ducks as well as testing their antimicrobials resistance capabilities. Methods: Forty-two duck flocks from different localities at four Egyptian Governorates (EL-Sharkia, El-Gharbia, El-Dakahlia and El-Qaliobia) have been subjected to clinical and postmortem examination as well as bacterial isolation and identification. The liver samples have been collected aseptically from freshly euthanized ducks for bacterial isolation followed by identification using conventional biochemical tests, VITEK 2 system and confirmatory PCR for detection of the uid A gene (beta-glucuronidase enzyme) of E. coli. In addition, antimicrobial sensitivity testing for the isolates against different antimicrobials by VITEK 2 system was used. Results: Forty six positive bacterial isolates were identified using conventional methods and VITEK2 system including Staphylococcus spp. (52.17%), Escherichia coli (41.30%), and 2.17% for each of Enterococcus casseliflavus, Salmonella enterica subspecies arizonae and Enterobacter cloacae. PCR was positive for E. coli uid A gene at 556 bp. The antibiogram patterns of isolated pathogens from naturally infected ducks in our work demonstrated 100% multi drug resistance with varying results against different antimicrobial drugs tested. Such findings supported the fact of the upgrading multidrug-resistance of Staphylococci and Enterobacteriacae. Conclusion: The most prevalent bacterial pathogens associated with duck enteritis were Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli with the first report of Salmonella enterica subspecies arizonae causing duck enteritis in Egypt.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and identification of multidrug resistance bacterial agents implicated in duck enteritis with first record of Salmonella enterica subspecies arizonae in Egypt

Hussein,

Eid,

Hassaan

et al. 2024

Open Vet J

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“…The quail breeder flock birds suffered from respiratory manifestation, mortality, and a decline in egg production [ 34 ]. A postmortem examination of quail flocks revealed fibrinous airsacculitis [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasmosis in Poultry: An Evaluation of Diagnostic Schemes and Molecular Analysis of Egyptian Mycoplasma gallisepticum Strains

Al-baqir,

Hassanin,

Al-Rasheed

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Infections with Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) in poultry are associated with a wide range of disease conditions, including those affecting the respiratory and reproductive systems. The purpose of this study was to endorse the more sensitive diagnostic scheme for MG infection and identify the best molecular marker for MG phylogenetic analysis using six housekeeping genes: mgc2, mraW, atpG, ugpA, DUF31196, and lgT. For these purposes, 55 poultry flocks of different species were screened using either qRT-PCR or PCR techniques analogous to conventional culturing from non-cultured and cultured swabs on PPLO broth. The rate of MG positivity was the highest when using qRT-PCR from cultured broth (89.0%) and the lowest when using conventional culturing (34.5%). Compared to qRT-PCR from broth, statistical analysis using the Roc curve in MedCalc statistical software showed that the PCR schemes (qRT-PCR from swabs and PCR from swabs and broth) performed better than conventional culturing in terms of sensitivity, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC), suggesting that they may be more reliable schemes. Further support was added by Cohen’s kappa test, showing moderate agreement between the molecular approaches. Among the six screened genes, mgc2 and mraW had the highest detection rates (69% and 65.4%, respectively). The comparative phylogenetic analysis revealed that mgc2 or atpG gene sequences distinguished MG isolates into different clades with high discriminatory power.

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“…Pharmacokinetic and safety data are insufficient for macrolides like erythromycin and lincomycin, making them less useful. Erythromycin was sold as a treatment for sick birds and was accessible over the counter (El-Ghany, 2019;Rassouli et al, 2021;Motaghi et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Azithromycin Toxicity in Chickens and Quails

Al-Abdaly,

Alfathi,

Al-mahmood

2023

Iran J Vet Med

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Background: The pharmacologic and toxicological response to different drugs vary according to the type and breed of the animal. Objectives: This investigation was carried out to compare the toxic effects of azithromycin on chickens and quails. Methods: The animals of each kind were divided into 3 groups; the first group served as the control and received just distilled water; the second and third groups received different doses of azithromycin (5% and 10% of the median lethal dose) over 5 days. Results: Compared to quails, the LD50 in chicks was substantially higher. Both chicks and quails treated with high doses of azithromycin showed a substantial difference in neurobehavioral and motor measures. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and glutathione decrease in chicks receiving the high dose of azithromycin, whereas, in quail, the prior impact was present in both doses. With the cholinesterase activity in quails and chicks being inhibited, a high dose of azithromycin dramatically raised the level of caspase-3 in the quail. We observed severe diffuse vacuolar degeneration in hepatocytes with infiltration of inflammatory cells in quails and chicks in the high dose and less severe effects in quail and chicks in the lower dose. In quails’ livers, tumor necrosis factor-(TNF)-α was strongly expressed at high and weakly at low doses. Still, in chickens’ livers, TNF-α expression was moderate at high and low at low doses. Conclusion: At the same percentages and dose of the LD50 in both quails and chicks, azithromycin causes severe toxic effects in quails but less toxic effects in chickens.

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A Comprehensive Review on the Common Emerging Diseases in Quails.

Cited by 6 publications

References 136 publications

Isolation and identification of multidrug resistance bacterial agents implicated in duck enteritis with first record of Salmonella enterica subspecies arizonae in Egypt

Isolation and identification of multidrug resistance bacterial agents implicated in duck enteritis with first record of Salmonella enterica subspecies arizonae in Egypt

Mycoplasmosis in Poultry: An Evaluation of Diagnostic Schemes and Molecular Analysis of Egyptian Mycoplasma gallisepticum Strains

Comparison of Azithromycin Toxicity in Chickens and Quails

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