A Comprehensive Review on Twin-twin Transfusion Syndrome Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract

Twin-twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS) in monochorionic pregnancies, characterized by inter-twin vascular anastomoses, poses significant risks to fetal and maternal health. This comprehensive review focuses on the diagnosis, risk factors, and palliative care strategies associated with TTTS, particularly emphasizing arterio-venous (AV) anastomoses. In conclusion, the review underscores the critical need for an in-depth understanding of TTTS symptoms at different stages of cardiac malfunction for effective treatment selection. Future research endeavours should focus on advancing treatment strategies to mitigate the complexities associated with monochorionic TTTS, offering improved outcomes for both infants and mothers.