A Comprehensive Study on Physical, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Filled by Micro‐ and Nanoglass Flakes

Abstract

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) composites containing micro‐ and nanoglass flakes were prepared by melt blending. The percentage of nanoglass flakes was varied from 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt% and the concentration of microglass flakes was 1, 3, and 5 wt%. The effect of glass flake on morphology, physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of PET was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDXA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and tensile test. The observations showed that both types of particles were dispersed in PET, homogeneously, though microglass flakes had better dispersion compared with their nanosized counterparts. According to DSC thermogram, the crystallization rate and temperature of PET increased with incorporation of both types of glass flakes. The crystallization rate of PET was increased from 31.41% to 34.25% with the addition of 1 wt% of nanoglass flakes. Moreover, the onset of thermal degradation increased more than 9°C with the addition of micro‐ and nanoglass flakes. Based on the mechanical viewpoint, the Young's modulus of PET was improved by the addition of both micro‐ and nanoglass flakes. On the other hand, the tensile strength of PET was decreased from 45.4 MPa to 31.3 MPa using 1 wt% of nanoglass flakes. According to X‐ray diffractometry, using of micro‐ and nanoglass flakes resulted in the decrement of PET crystallites. Whereas, the size of crystallites was lower than microglass flakes, in the case of using nanoglass flakes. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 26:380–389, 2020. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers

Long‐chain branching of polyethylene terephthalate: Rheological/thermal properties of polyethylene terephthalate/carbon nanotube nanocomposite

“…In the PM1.5/PE0.5/C1.0 sample, the reduction of crystal size is related to both factors, the reduction of chain mobility and the reduction of packing due to the presence of long branches, and following the melting temperature depends on the crystal size, the presence of long branches reduce the melting temperature. [ 62,81–83 ] The Gibbs–Thomson equation (Equation 2) was used to calculate the crystal thickness (L) of a polymer [ 84 ] ; where T m denotes the melting point (K), and denotes the equilibrium melting temperature of an infinite crystal. In addition, and σ e are the melting enthalpy of an ideal polymer crystal per unit volume (171 J/cm 3 ) [ 85 ] and the surface free energy per unit area, respectively.…”

“…In the PM1.5/ PE0.5/C1.0 sample, the reduction of crystal size is related to both factors, the reduction of chain mobility and the reduction of packing due to the presence of long branches, and following the melting temperature depends on the crystal size, the presence of long branches reduce the melting temperature. [62,[81][82][83] The Gibbs-Thomson equation (Equation 2) was used to calculate the crystal thickness (L) of a polymer [84] ;…”

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Characterisation and composition identification of waste-derived fuels obtained from municipal solid waste using thermogravimetry: A review

“…Despite cross-contamination, the presence of additives in plastic items used to improve the properties of polymers, such as flame retardants, can considerably affect the thermal degradation of plastic materials ( Sabet et al, 2019 ). For example, the addition of 2% w/w nanoglass flakes in PET increases the degree of crystallinity and, therefore, a shift of the degradation zone of PET towards higher temperatures (nearly 10°C) can be induced ( Miri et al, 2019 ).…”