A comprehensive study on the effects of operation variables on reverse electrodialysis performance

Ortiz-Martínez, V.M.; Gómez‐Coma, Lucía; Tristán, Carolina; Pérez, Gema; Fallanza, Marcos; Ortiz, Alfredo; Ibáñez, Raquel; Ortíz, Inmaculada

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2020.114389

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Current membranes exhibit higher conductivity and improved selectivity allowing to reach power densities in the range of 2–10 W/m² at lab scale [ 258 , 259 ]. Flow dynamics have a substantial impact on power density results leading to the development of turbulence-inducing woven spacers [ 260 , 261 ]. Furthermore, membrane permselectivity has proven to be another critical factor for RED, since divalent cations can greatly affect the power capacity causing an efficiency drop and increasing the membrane resistance by possible scaling [ 261 , 262 , 263 ].…”

Section: Recent Technological Developments Based On Ed Membrane Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodialytic Processes: Market Overview, Membrane Phenomena, Recent Developments and Sustainable Strategies

Bazinet

Geoffroy

2020

Membranes

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In the context of preserving and improving human health, electrodialytic processes are very promising perspectives. Indeed, they allow the treatment of water, preservation of food products, production of bioactive compounds, extraction of organic acids, and recovery of energy from natural and wastewaters without major environmental impact. Hence, the aim of the present review is to give a global portrait of the most recent developments in electrodialytic membrane phenomena and their uses in sustainable strategies. It has appeared that new knowledge on pulsed electric fields, electroconvective vortices, overlimiting conditions and reversal modes as well as recent demonstrations of their applications are currently boosting the interest for electrodialytic processes. However, the hurdles are still high when dealing with scale-ups and real-life conditions. Furthermore, looking at the recent research trends, potable water and wastewater treatment as well as the production of value-added bioactive products in a circular economy will probably be the main applications to be developed and improved. All these processes, taking into account their principles and specificities, can be used for specific eco-efficient applications. However, to prove the sustainability of such process strategies, more life cycle assessments will be necessary to convince people of the merits of coupling these technologies.

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Section: Recent Technological Developments Based On Ed Membrane Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodialytic Processes: Market Overview, Membrane Phenomena, Recent Developments and Sustainable Strategies

Bazinet

Geoffroy

2020

Membranes

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“…Areal resistance, R IEM0 (Ω cm 2 ) 1.8/0. We developed a RED system mathematical model, fully descrived in Ortiz et al [24] and Tristán et al [63], and extensively validated it in several works of our research group [19,24,25,64] to predict RED performance in a wide range of working conditions at different descriptive extents from cell pair to plant scale [63].…”

Section: Reference Properties: Fumasep ® Cem (Fks-50)/aem (Fas-50)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, the SWRO plants located in the Middle East (i.e., scenarios 1, 9 and 15), suppling the most concentrated and warmest brine effluent to RED, enhance the net power density (3.6-3.7 W m −2 per cell pair; Figure 3) peaking to~4.0 W m −2 per cell pair in scenario 12. Similarly, locations where the high temperature (32 • C, scenario 19) or the high concentration (1.67 M, scenario 11) of the concentrate feed offsets the adverse effect of its lower concentration (1.13 M) [24,25]…”

Section: Net Power Density and Net Specific Energy Of The Red Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RED enables the harnessing of energy from abundant yet largely untapped sources, as industrial effluents, thus providing energy and emission savings from an otherwise waste stream, conforming with the waste-to-wealth concept. Several authors have explored the energy retrieval from desalination concentrate effluents [9,[13][14][15][16][17][18], and secondary treated wastewater effluents [19][20][21][22], which bring higher power densities than the seawater/river water pair widely tested in previous works [19,[23][24][25]. While latest research advances have boosted the maturity level of RED, moving from lab-scale units to up-scaled prototypes and pilot plants [11,26], full-scale RED progress will require further techno-economic and environmental assessments and field demonstrations in industrially relevant environments that prove its practical viability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reverse Electrodialysis: Potential Reduction in Energy and Emissions of Desalination

et al. 2020

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Salinity gradient energy harvesting by reverse electrodialysis (RED) is a promising renewable source to decarbonize desalination. This work surveys the potential reduction in energy consumption and carbon emissions gained from RED integration in 20 medium-to-large-sized seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plants spread worldwide. Using the validated RED system’s model from our research group, we quantified the grid mix share of the SWRO plant’s total energy demand and total emissions RED would abate (i) in its current state of development and (ii) if captured all salinity gradient exergy (SGE). Results indicate that more saline and warmer SWRO brines enhance RED’s net power density, yet source availability may restrain specific energy supply. If all SGE were harnessed, RED could supply ~40% of total desalination plants’ energy demand almost in all locations, yet energy conversion irreversibility and untapped SGE decline it to ~10%. RED integration in the most emission-intensive SWRO plants could relieve up to 1.95 kg CO2-eq m−3. Findings reveal that RED energy recovery from SWRO concentrate effluents could bring desalination sector sizeable energy and emissions savings provided future advancements bring RED technology closer to its thermodynamic limit.

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“…The continuous increase of the global energy demand, which is expected to be significantly increased by 80% in 2050 [ 1 ], as well as global warming concerns, owing to the combustion of fossil fuels, is leading to the development of environment-friendly strategies and technologies, to ensure sustainable and alternative energy resources. In this context, the generation of renewable energy from aqueous natural streams with different salinity (e.g., sea and river water), using alternative series of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) and cation exchange membranes (CEMs), through reverse electrodialysis (RED), is recognized as an attractive membrane-based process [ 2 , 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modifications of Anion Exchange Membranes for an Improved Reverse Electrodialysis Process Performance: A Review

2020

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Reverse electrodialysis (RED) technology represents a promising electro-membrane process for renewable energy harvesting from aqueous streams with different salinity. However, the performance of the key components of the system, that is, the ion exchange membranes, is limited by both the presence of multivalent ions and fouling phenomena, thus leading to a reduced generated net power density. In this context, the behavior of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) in RED systems is more severely affected, due to the undesirable interactions between their positively charged fixed groups and, mostly negatively charged, foulant materials present in natural streams. Therefore, controlling both the monovalent anion permselectivity and the membrane surface hydrophilicity is crucial. In this respect, different surface modification procedures were considered in the literature, to enhance the above-mentioned properties. This review reports and discusses the currently available approaches for surface modifications of AEMs, such as graft polymerization, dip coating, and layer-by-layer, among others, mainly focusing on preparing monovalent permselective AEMs with antifouling characteristics, but also considering hydrophilicity aspects and identifying the most promising modifying agents to be utilized. Thus, the present study aimed at providing new insights for the further design and development of selective, durable, and cost-effective modified AEMs for an enhanced RED process performance, which is indispensable for a practical implementation of this electro-membrane technology at an industrial scale.

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A comprehensive study on the effects of operation variables on reverse electrodialysis performance

Cited by 46 publications

References 54 publications

Electrodialytic Processes: Market Overview, Membrane Phenomena, Recent Developments and Sustainable Strategies

Electrodialytic Processes: Market Overview, Membrane Phenomena, Recent Developments and Sustainable Strategies

Reverse Electrodialysis: Potential Reduction in Energy and Emissions of Desalination

Surface Modifications of Anion Exchange Membranes for an Improved Reverse Electrodialysis Process Performance: A Review

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