A Computational Investigation into the Effect of Equal Channel Angular Processing on the Mechanical Properties of Severely Deformed ZK 60 Alloy Validated by Experiments

Almenaif, Omar; Alhumaydani, Yaqoub; Alnafisah, Mohammed; Aldhalaan, Mansour; Alateyah, A. I.; El-Garaihy, Waleed H.

doi:10.3844/ajeassp.2020.296.310

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Mg alloys have recently demonstrated a lot of potential for usage in the production of orthopedic implants that are biocompatible, biodegradable, and possibly bioactive. The presence of this combination of properties in Mg alloys makes the possibility of them replacing currently used materials, such as stainless steel, titanium alloys, and cobalt-chromium alloys, very feasible on account of these previous materials causing allergies and hypersensitivity [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Being the lightest metallic alloys, Mg alloys have mechanical properties comparable to that of human bone [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ultrafine-Grained Microstructure and Texture Evolution of ECAPed ZK30 Magnesium Alloy on the Corrosion Behavior in Different Corrosive Agents

et al. 2022

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Magnesium-Zinc-Zirconium (Mg-Zn-Zr) alloys have caught considerable attention in medical applications where biodegradability is critical. The combination of their good biocompatibility, improved strength, and low cytotoxicity makes them great candidates for medical implants. This research investigation is focused on providing further insight into the effects of equal channel angular processing (ECAP) on the corrosion behavior, microstructure evolution, and mechanical properties of a biodegradable ZK30 alloy. Billets of Mg-3Zn-0.6 Zr (ZK30) alloy were processed through ECAP up to 4 passes of route Bc (rotating the billets 90° in the same direction between the subsequent passes) at 250 °C. Electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) was utilized to investigate the microstructural evolution as well as the crystallographic texture. Several electrochemical measurements were carried out on both a simulated body fluid and a 3.5% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. Mechanical properties such as Vicker’s hardness and tensile properties were also assessed. The as-annealed (AA) microstructure was dominated by equiaxed coarse recrystallized grains with an average grain size of 26.69 µm. After processing, a geometric grain subdivision took place due to the severe plastic deformation. Processed samples were characterized by grain refinement and high density of substructures. The 4-passes sample experienced a reduction in the grain size by 92.8% compared with its AA counterpart. The fraction of high-angle grain boundaries increased significantly after 4-passes compared to the 1-pass processed sample. With regards to the crystallographic texture, the AA condition had its {0001} basal planes mostly oriented parallel to the transversal direction. On the other hand, ECAP processing resulted in crystallographic texture changes, such as the shifting of the ZK30 shear plane to be aligned at 45° relative to the extrusion direction (ED). Furthermore, the maximum texture intensity was reduced from 14 times random (AA billets) to 8 times random after ECAP processing through 4-passes. The corrosion rate of the 4-passes sample was tremendously reduced by 99% and 45.25% compared with its AA counterpart in the simulated body fluid and the NaCl solution, respectively. The pitting corrosion resistance of ZK30 showed notable improvements in the simulated body fluid by 471.66% and 352% during processing through 1-pass and 4-passes, respectively, compared with the 3.5% NaCl findings. Finally, significant improvements in the tensile strength, hardness, and ductility were also achieved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ultrafine-Grained Microstructure and Texture Evolution of ECAPed ZK30 Magnesium Alloy on the Corrosion Behavior in Different Corrosive Agents

et al. 2022

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“…The finite element technique (FE) is considered is one of the most effective techniqu The finite element technique (FE) is considered is one of the most effective techniques to analyze engineering problems [39,51]. The deformation process, strain and stress distribution, metal flow and simulated relation between the processing load and plunger displacement plots during ECAP processing can be obtained using FE [52,53]. El-Mahallawy et al [51] conducted a rigid-viscoplastic 3D FE simulations for Al-xCu with Cu content ranged from 0-up to-5wt% and they noted that the imposed strain during ECAP was maximum in the inner side of the die angle Ψ where the sample contacted with the ECAP die, whereas the imposed strain in the outer side was much lower.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ECAP on the Plastic Strain Homogeneity, Microstructural Evolution, Crystallographic Texture and Mechanical Properties of AA2xxx Aluminum Alloy

El-Shenawy

Ahmed

Nassef

et al. 2021

Metals

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This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) processing on the structural evolution and mechanical properties of AA2xxx aluminum alloy. Finite element analysis (FE) was used to study the deformation behavior of the AA2xxx billets during processing in addition investigate the strain homogeneity in the longitudinal and transverse direction. Billets of AA2011 aluminum alloy were processed successfully through ECAP up to 4-passes with rotating the sample 90° along its longitudinal axis in the same direction after each pass (route Bc) at 150 °C. The microstructural evolution and crystallographic texture were analyzed using the electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) and optical microscopy (OM). An evaluation of the hardness and tensile properties was presented and correlated with the EBSD findings and FE simulations. The FE analysis results were in good agreement with the experimental finding and microstructural evolution. Processing through 4-passes produced an ultrafine-grained structure (UFG) and a recrystallized fine grain dominated the structure coupled with a geometric grain subdivision which indicated by grain refining and very high density of substructures. This reduction in grain size was coupled with an enhancement in the hardness, tensile strength by 66.6%, and 52%, respectively compared to the as-annealed counterpart. Processing through 1-pass and 2-passes resulted in a strong texture with significant rotation for the texture components whereas 4-passes processing led to losing the symmetry of the texture with significant reduction in the texture intensity.

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“…Hence, it has become intrinsically important to intensify the research conducted on "top down" severe plastic deformation (SPD) processes, as they provide an optimal approach to producing UFG structures without porosity or contamination compared to their counterpart "bottom-up" methods [2]. Concurrently, several SPD processes have been devised with the perpetual aim of grain refinement and simultaneous boundary strengthening [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain Structure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Multi-Channel Spiral Twist Extruded AA5083

Fouad

El-Garaihy

Ahmed

et al. 2021

Metals

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This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of multi-channel spiral twist extrusion (MCSTE) processing on the mechanical properties and structural evolution of AA5083. The structural evolution and texture developed were mapped by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) for three successive passes and compared with an as-annealed plate. An evaluation of the hardness and tensile properties was presented and correlated with the EBSD findings. The displayed EBSD results revealed that grain refinement was strongly associated with the presence of a high density of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) after one pass, which developed into fine grains of less than 20 μm and high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) after three MCSTE passes. The three pass processing led to a 65% reduction in grain size. This reduction in grain size was coupled with an enhancement in the hardness and tensile properties. Additionally, the crystallographic texture study represented a slightly random texture due to the presence of intermetallic particles in AA5083. This study demonstrates the efficacy of MCSTE as a grain refinement tool.

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A Computational Investigation into the Effect of Equal Channel Angular Processing on the Mechanical Properties of Severely Deformed ZK 60 Alloy Validated by Experiments

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Influence of Ultrafine-Grained Microstructure and Texture Evolution of ECAPed ZK30 Magnesium Alloy on the Corrosion Behavior in Different Corrosive Agents

Influence of Ultrafine-Grained Microstructure and Texture Evolution of ECAPed ZK30 Magnesium Alloy on the Corrosion Behavior in Different Corrosive Agents

Effect of ECAP on the Plastic Strain Homogeneity, Microstructural Evolution, Crystallographic Texture and Mechanical Properties of AA2xxx Aluminum Alloy

Grain Structure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Multi-Channel Spiral Twist Extruded AA5083

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