A Computer Model of Myocardial Squeezing and Intramyocardial Flow During Graded Coronary Artery Stenosis in the Presence of Coronary Sinus Interventions

Synchronized Retroperfusion Combined With Coronary Sinus Occlusion: Experimental Measurements Compared With Simulation Results and Model Predictions

“…Sun (Sun and Gewinz, 1988) compared several common approaches that use somewhat unphysiological assumptions, such as the incorporation of "diodes" or "valves" to derive arterial flow patterns that bear some resemblance to experimental measurements. More complex assumptions, such as volumedependent resistances and compliances, have been proposed (Arts and Reneman, 1985;Schreiner et al, 1989), and evaluated (Bruinsma et al, 1988), Downloaded by [University of Arizona] at 07:12 03 February 2015 leading more directly to realistic results. Another issue of central importance is how extravascular effects upon coronary microvessel resistance (Panerai et al, 1979) and vessel collapse (Permutt and Riley, 1963) should be modeled.…”

“…As reviewed by Kenner (1982), some models introduce "back pressure" (Sun and Gewirtz, 1988), which are added to the distal venous pressure, to obtain the correct overall impedance to forward a flow. More realistically, capillary resistance is modeled so as to indicate its critical dependence on the vessel diameter (Dole et al, 1983;Bminsma et al, 1988;Schreiner et al, 1989). Extravascular "squeezing" of vessels increases the capillary resistance during systole and thereby reduces arterial inflow.…”