A concept study on identification and attribution profiling of chemical threat agents using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry applied to Amanita toxins in food

Jansson, Daniel; Fredriksson, Sten-Åke; Herrmann, Anders; Nilsson, Carl-Axel

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.03.023

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Levels of α-amanitin in the two A. phalloides specimens were estimated at 1.33 mg/g dry weight (Italy) and 0.88 mg/gm dry weight (California) (Table 2), comparable to previously reported values (0.75–2.3 mg/g dry weight) [21,22]. …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…It produces multiple forms of amatoxins and phallotoxins including those for which commercially available standards are available, such as α-amanitin, β-amanitin, phalloidin, and phallacidin (Table 1). The UV profile of our samples (Figure 2) is similar to previous studies [20,21,22]. Of particular note is the stronger absorbance at 305 nm compared to 295 nm of compounds that contain the 6-hydroxylated derivative of Trp (e.g., α- and β-amanitin).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Of the mushrooms in this study, L. josserandi had the highest level of α-amanitin (3.99–4.39 mg/g dry weight), which is more than three times higher than found in Amanita species [8,21,22], including our samples of A. phalloides (Table 2). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

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Profiling of Amatoxins and Phallotoxins in the Genus Lepiota by Liquid Chromatography Combined with UV Absorbance and Mass Spectrometry

Sgambelluri

Epis

Sassera

et al. 2014

Toxins

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Species in the mushroom genus Lepiota can cause fatal mushroom poisonings due to their content of amatoxins such as α-amanitin. Previous studies of the toxin composition of poisonous Lepiota species relied on analytical methods of low sensitivity or resolution. Using liquid chromatography coupled to UV absorbance and mass spectrometry, we analyzed the spectrum of peptide toxins present in six Italian species of Lepiota, including multiple samples of three of them collected in different locations. Field taxonomic identifications were confirmed by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. For comparison, we also analyzed specimens of Amanita phalloides from Italy and California, a specimen of A. virosa from Italy, and a laboratory-grown sample of Galerina marginata. α-Amanitin, β-amanitin, amanin, and amaninamide were detected in all samples of L. brunneoincarnata, and α-amanitin and γ-amanitin were detected in all samples of L. josserandii. Phallotoxins were not detected in either species. No amatoxins or phallotoxins were detected in L. clypeolaria, L. cristata, L. echinacea, or L. magnispora. The Italian and California isolates of A. phalloides had similar profiles of amatoxins and phallotoxins, although the California isolate contained more β-amanitin relative to α-amanitin. Amaninamide was detected only in A. virosa.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Profiling of Amatoxins and Phallotoxins in the Genus Lepiota by Liquid Chromatography Combined with UV Absorbance and Mass Spectrometry

Sgambelluri

Epis

Sassera

et al. 2014

Toxins

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“…Some have used RIA, ELISA, or EPLC to detect amatoxin [84]. Others have developed LC/MS/MS and mass LC/MS methods to detect these toxins [104]. Recently, a DNA-based macroarray was developed to detect Amanita species from left-over mushroom meals [103].…”

Section: Toxin Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycetism: A Review of the Recent Literature

Graeme

2014

J. Med. Toxicol.

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Approximately 100 of the known species of mushrooms are poisonous to humans. New toxic mushroom species continue to be identified. Some species initially classified as edible are later reclassified as toxic. This results in a continually expanding list of toxic mushrooms. As new toxic species are identified, some classic teachings about mycetism no longer hold true. As more toxic mushrooms are identified and more toxic syndromes are reported, older classification systems fail to effectively accommodate mycetism. This review provides an update of myscetism and classifies mushroom poisonings by the primary organ system affected, permitting expansion, as new, toxic mushroom species are discovered.

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“…In addition to being lengthy, these methods also involve large amount of samples (2 g), which is a limitation when the amount of mushrooms available is scarce. Thus we used a simpler but fully effective extraction method described by Jansson et al (2012) with minor modifications. Briefly, cap, stipe or volva were ground to a powder in a mortar, after 0.5 g (dry weight) of were extracted during 1 h with 1 mL milli-Q water and 6 mL acetonitrile.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of amatoxins and phallotoxins in Amanita phalloides mushrooms from northeastern Portugal by HPLC-DAD-MS

Garcia¹,

Oliveira

Pinho

et al. 2015

Mycologia

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Amanita phalloides is a toxic mushroom responsible for the majority of deaths occurring after mushrooms ingestion, mainly due to amatoxins. In the present study the contents and distribution of the major amatoxins and phallotoxins in different tissues of A. phalloides from two different sites of Portugal were analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to diode array (DAD) and mass spectrometry (MS) detection. The main toxins were separated by LC and its chemical structures confirmed by MS. a-Amanitin contents in caps, stipe and volva tissues were quantified by RP-HPLC. The results show that caps have the highest content of amatoxins, whereas the volva was richest in phallotoxins. Moreover variability in the toxins composition from different geographic sites was also observed. This study provides for the first time the content of toxins in A. phalloides from Portugal.

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A concept study on identification and attribution profiling of chemical threat agents using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry applied to Amanita toxins in food

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

Profiling of Amatoxins and Phallotoxins in the Genus Lepiota by Liquid Chromatography Combined with UV Absorbance and Mass Spectrometry

Profiling of Amatoxins and Phallotoxins in the Genus Lepiota by Liquid Chromatography Combined with UV Absorbance and Mass Spectrometry

Mycetism: A Review of the Recent Literature

Determination of amatoxins and phallotoxins in Amanita phalloides mushrooms from northeastern Portugal by HPLC-DAD-MS

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