A conceptual review on Bessel beams

Rao, A Srinivasa

doi:10.1088/1402-4896/ad4921

Phys. Scr.

2024

DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad4921

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A conceptual review on Bessel beams

A Srinivasa Rao

Abstract: Over the past 36 years much research has been carried out on Bessel beams (BBs) owing to their peculiar properties, viz non-diffraction behavior, self-healing nature, possession of well-defined orbital angular momentum with helical wave-front, and realization of smallest central lobe. Here, we provide a detailed review on BBs from their inception to recent developments. We outline the fundamental concepts involved in the origin of the BB. The theoretical foundation of these beams was described and then their e… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

References 410 publications

(436 reference statements)

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Wavelength-tolerant generation of Bessel-Gaussian beams using vortex phase plates

Stoyanov,

Dimitrov,

Wiesner

et al. 2024

Appl. Opt.

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With their nearly non-diffracting and self-healing nature, Bessel-Gaussian beams (BGBs) are attractive for many applications ranging from free-space communications to nonlinear optics. BGBs can successfully be generated on background laser beams by imprinting and subsequently annihilating multiply charged optical vortices followed by focusing the resulting ring-shaped beam with a thin lens. For high-power applications optical vortices are preferentially created by spiral phase plates because of their high damage threshold. These are fabricated to realize an azimuthal change of the accumulated phase of a multiple of 2π at a predetermined wavelength. This raises the expectation that the use of spiral phase plates for the generation of BGBs is limited to the design wavelength and therefore not applicable to broadband applications involving short-pulse lasers. In this paper we present experimental data showing that this limitation can be overcome in a broad spectral range around the design wavelength. Experimental cross-sections of the BGBs for several off-design wavelengths are found in a good quantitative agreement with the theoretical Bessel functions at distances up to 540 cm after the focus of the lens.

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Wavelength-tolerant generation of Bessel-Gaussian beams using vortex phase plates

Stoyanov,

Dimitrov,

Wiesner

et al. 2024

Appl. Opt.

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Orbital angular momentum carrying mid-infrared Bessel beam generation at room temperature

Mallick

2024

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

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We explore the generation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) carrying mid-infrared Bessel-Gaussian beams through nonlinear interactions within a non-uniformly broadened 85Rb atomic ensemble. Utilizing an efficient four-wave mixing (FWM) scheme driven by two strong control fields and a weak probe field, we achieve coherent emission at a wavelength of 5.23 µm. By employing the density matrix approach, we obtain an analytical expression for the nonlinear atomic coherence involved in the four-wave mixing process, elucidating how the Bessel-Gaussian profile of the probe field is transferred into the mid-infrared signal. Numerical simulations of Maxwell’s wave equation ensure the generation of phase-matched, non-diffracting Bessel-Gaussian beams, which can be precisely controlled by manipulating the spatial susceptibility of the atomic medium. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the potential of higher-order Bessel-Gaussian beams with OAM to significantly advance applications in high-speed communication, biomedical imaging, and optical manipulation, owing to their robust beam integrity and enhanced data transmission capabilities in the mid-infrared spectrum.

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Quasi-ray tracing realization using a Bessel beam for optical alignment

Chen,

Parks,

Dhawan

et al. 2024

Opt. Express

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In this study, we explore the behavior of Bessel beams as they propagate through a misaligned apertured optical system in practice. Based on experimental observations, we propose what we believe to be a novel hypothesis that a Bessel beam propagating through an optical system behaves identically to a paraxial ray under certain conditions. We then derive analytical formulas for the propagation of Bessel beams in Cartesian coordinates and the Huygens-Fresnel principle. Additionally, another simulation employing Gaussian decomposition was conducted, and we compared both simulations with experimental results, demonstrating a high correlation. Our findings indicate that Bessel beams can be interpreted as meridional rays when passing through misaligned spherical surface systems, allowing us to achieve quasi-ray tracing in practice. We further discuss the significance of utilizing this property of Bessel beams for precise optical alignment, highlighting its potential to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of optical systems.

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A conceptual review on Bessel beams

Cited by 3 publications

References 410 publications

Wavelength-tolerant generation of Bessel-Gaussian beams using vortex phase plates

Wavelength-tolerant generation of Bessel-Gaussian beams using vortex phase plates

Orbital angular momentum carrying mid-infrared Bessel beam generation at room temperature

Quasi-ray tracing realization using a Bessel beam for optical alignment

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