A Concise Review on Pyridocoumarin/Azacoumarin Derivatives: Synthesis and Biological Activity

Abstract

Coumarins are important due to their versatile bio‐activity. Synthesised pyridocoumarin derivatives show remarkable biological activities including antifungal, antibacterial, antitumor, antiHIV, and antimicrobial activity. The present review aims to review a vast body of literature on different synthetic methodology mainly aza‐Diels Alder reaction, metal catalyzed cyclization and multicomponent reaction and bioactivity of pyridocoumarin derivatives as published during the period from 1997 up to 2017. The synthesised compounds have been reported in literature either by construction of pyridine, pyran or of both ring starting from suitable precursors.

An Overview on the Synthesis of Fused Pyridocoumarins with Biological Interest

“…In 2017, Nath, a coworker of Majumdar, extended the former [ 66 ] regioselective Pd-catalyzed synthesis of linear 11-methyl-5 H -pyrano [3,2- b ]phenanthridine-5,9(6 H )-diones 166a – g using Cs 2 CO 3 as a base at lower temperature, 95 °C for 6 h [ 124 ]. In the case of amidocoumarin 164a, the base was a mixture of Ag 2 CO 3 (2 equivalents) and Cs 2 CO 3 (2 equivalents) and the intramolecular Heck reaction performed at the elevated temperature of 120 °C ( Scheme 39 ).…”

“…(Rubiaceae), a tree found in west central Africa, and possess anti-HIV activity [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ]. Even though several reviews referring the chemistry and biological aspects of coumarins and fused coumarins have been published to date, there are few reviews containing topics on the chemistry and biological activity of fused pyridocoumarins [ 11 , 42 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ]. In this review, we present an overview of the advances described in the literature on the synthesis and biological evaluation of fused pyridocoumarins.…”

Mini Review on Pyrido[2,3-c]coumarins Backbone of Santiagonamine Antibiotics

“…It was extracted from stems and branches of the South American shrub Berberis darwinii Hook. A large number of synthetic pyridocoumarins [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] are known to exhibit diverse biological facets, including anti-bacterial, anti-microbial, anti-malarial, antipsychotic (dopamine D4 receptor antagonists) anti-fungal, anti-cancer, [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] and anti-Huntington's 44 and anti-ecto-5′-nucleotidase (e5′NT) enzymatic 45 activity. In addition, these compounds act as bronchodilator agents, 46 and are used as excellent fluorescence probes.…”

Synthesis of 5H-Chromeno[4,3-b]pyridin-5-one derivatives as a backbone of natural product polyneomarline C scaffolds in presence of Et3N and NH4OAc in EtOH

“…So the interest towards the synthesis of pyridine fused comarin is trending among the organic chemists. Many methods [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] have been developed to synthesize these types of compounds using different types of Lewis acids/bases and metal catalysts with different solvents. The 5H-Chromeno [4,3-b]pyridin-5-one skeleton constitutes the backbone of Polyneomarline C. We were interested in the preparation of some non-natural analogs of this type of compounds by an easy process.…”