A confirmatory factor analysis of the caregiving appraisal scale for caregivers of home-based ventilator-assisted individuals

Sevick, Mary Ann; Sereika, Susan M.; Hoffman, Leslie A.; Matthews, Judith T.; Chen, G.John

doi:10.1016/s0147-9563(97)90036-4

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In their study on Korean family caregivers, Lee et al found 27 items and six dimensions, and divided the subscale of mastery into two parts (22). In the study conducted by Sevick et al (34) on family caregivers of patients requiring home ventilators, the fit indices of the five-factor model were deemed unfavorable and only the dimensions of caregiving burden and satisfaction were confirmed. The subscales of impact and burden were then combined, with the mastery subscale not being confirmed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of the Revised Caregiving Appraisal Scale in Iranian Family Caregivers of Older Adults with Dementia

Farhadi

Foroughan

Mohammadi

et al. 2016

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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Background: Caregivers' self-assessments of the care they provide are the main vehicles that help explore their experiences and are thought to have a major role in care outcomes. The rising number of people with dementia and their need for care provided within the family makes family caregiving a major topic for study and evaluation. Objectives: The present study was conducted to assess the psychometric characteristics of the Persian version of the revised caregiving appraisal scale (RCAS) in family caregivers of older adults with dementia. Methods: In this cross-sectional methodological study, 236 family caregivers were recruited through convenience sampling. The revised caregiving appraisal scale (RCAS) was translated using the international quality of life assessment (IQOLA) protocol, and then a panel of experts examined its face and content validities. To ensure construct validity, the translated revised caregiving appraisal scale (RCAS) was completed by 236 family caregivers, and the factor construct of the scale was assessed using five initial factors for confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The confirmatory factor analysis was performed with LISREL-8.8 software for Windows®.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of the Revised Caregiving Appraisal Scale in Iranian Family Caregivers of Older Adults with Dementia

Farhadi

Foroughan

Mohammadi

et al. 2016

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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“…However, in other validation studies of the RCAS, K‐RCAS (Lee et al, 2007 ) and the Persian Version RCAS (Farhadi et al, 2017 ), the independence of the three factors was maintained: ‘Subjective Burden’, ‘Demand’ and ‘Environment’. The 9 items of ‘Subjective Burden’ in the RCAS‐VE were retained as in the original scale and in the other RCAS validation studies to date (Farhadi et al, 2017 ; Lee et al, 2007 ; Sevick et al, 1997 ; Struchen et al, 2002 ). As for the validity of the ‘Subjective Burden’ criterion of the RCAS‐VE, the results can only be compared with the only CAS validation study known to date, carried out by Struchen et al ( 2002 ) that achieved satisfactory results only for this dimension and not for the remaining factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be one of the problems with the original scale, sharing some items with ZBI, giving rise to a dimension that assesses either negative perceptions of the caregiver or positive perceptions depending on the cross‐cultural adaptation under consideration. However, ‘Mastery’ was presented as an independent factor assessing negative family caregiver perceptions in the CAS validation studies conducted by Struchen et al ( 2002 ); Sevick et al ( 1997 ) and the RCAS validation studies (Brown et al, 2013 ; Farhadi et al, 2017 ; Lee et al, 2007 ). The ‘Competence’ factor items were maintained in the studies by Struchen et al ( 2002 ) and Farhadi et al ( 2017 ), with the exception of the study by Lee et al ( 2007 ) in which the item ‘How often do you feel uncertain about what to do about E?’ loads on the ‘Impact’ factor, which assesses negative caregiver perceptions, as well as in RCAS‐VE which moves to the ‘Subjective Burden’ factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 'Subjective Burden', 'Demand' and 'Environment' factors, converged into a single factor in the RCAS-VE called 'Subjective Burden', as in the CAS validation studies the 'Subjective Burden' and 'Environment' factors converged (Struchen et al, 2002) and 'Burden' and 'Impact' (Sevick et al, 1997). The convergence of the above factors may be because they all assess negative caregiver perceptions as demonstrated in the original version of the CAS, with a moderate positive correlation established between 'Subjective…”

Section: Ta B L E 2 Configuration Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the RCAS scale, besides being designed for family caregivers of older people and presenting a solid theoretical basis, has been adapted cross‐culturally to other countries such as Korea, K‐RCAS (Lee et al, 2007 ) and Iran, known as the Persian version of RCAS (Farhadi et al, 2017 ). In addition, this scale has been studied by other international authors (Hanks et al, 2007 ; Iecovich, 2016 ; Purden et al, 2013 ; Sevick et al, 1997 ; Struchen et al, 2002 ) and modified to other versions (Braithwaite, 1996 ; Brown et al, 2013 ; Sakurai, 1999 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcultural adaptation of the revised caregiving appraisal scale (RCAS) in the Spanish population

Arce

Santibáñez

Sarabia

et al. 2022

Int J Older People Nursing

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Aim To develop a transcultural adaptation of the Revised Caregiving Appraisal Scale among Spanish caregivers of dependent older people and to test the psychometric properties of the scale. Design Cross‐sectional study. Methods The Revised Caregiving Appraisal Scale was transculturally adapted to the Spanish population following the methodology of direct and back translation. The Spanish version of the Revised Caregiving Appraisal Scale was administered to a total of 182 family caregivers of older dependent people. The study began in January 2016 and ended in December of the same year. The construct validity was studied by means of the scree plot and parallel analysis. The exploratory factorial analysis was carried out, and the correlation between factors was studied. To verify the reliability of the process, Cronbach's alpha and homogeneity were calculated by the corrected total item correlation. The validity of the convergent criterion was studied by means of the Pearson correlation coefficient, using the Zarit Caregiver Load Interview and the Family Satisfaction Scale as the gold standard. Results The construct validity revealed three factors: ‘Subjective Burden’ (15 items), ‘Satisfaction’ (7 items) and ‘Competence’ (3 items). The Cronbach alpha was .86 for ‘Subjective Burden’, .74 for ‘Satisfaction’ and .74 for ‘Competence’. The corrected total item correlation was greater than .25. The validity of the convergent criterion of the ‘Subjective Burden’ and ‘Competence’ factors with the ‘Zarit Caregiver's Load Interview’ presented a very high statistically significant correlation, unlike ‘Satisfaction’ which presented a low positive correlation with the ‘Family Satisfaction Scale’. Conclusion The Spanish version of the Revised Caregiving Appraisal Scale is a valid and reliable scale according to the tests performed on a random sample of family caregivers of older dependent people in Spain. Impact This scale will enable the simultaneous assessment of negative (‘Subjective Burden’ and ‘Competence’) and positive (‘Satisfaction’) perceptions among family caregivers of older dependent people.

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Appraisal, coping, hardiness, and self‐perceived health in community‐dwelling spouse caregivers of persons with dementia

DiBartolo

Soeken

2003

Research in Nursing & Health

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Although researchers have suggested that hardiness is associated with improved outcomes in stressful situations, findings regarding its moderating effects have been mixed. Relationships among hardiness, appraisal, coping, self-perceived health, and other antecedent variables were examined in a convenience sample of 72 community-dwelling spouse caregivers for persons with dementia. In this descriptive correlational design, participants completed a mailed survey. Regression analyses were used to detect main and moderating effects. Antecedent variables predicted 27% of the variance in caregiver appraisal, 23% of the variance in emotion-focused coping, and 22% of the variance in self-perceived health. In addition to its significant main effects, hardiness functioned as a significant moderator between the set of antecedent variables and caregiver appraisal. More research is needed to support the presence of main and moderating effects of hardiness in dementia caregivers.

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A confirmatory factor analysis of the caregiving appraisal scale for caregivers of home-based ventilator-assisted individuals

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of the Revised Caregiving Appraisal Scale in Iranian Family Caregivers of Older Adults with Dementia

Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of the Revised Caregiving Appraisal Scale in Iranian Family Caregivers of Older Adults with Dementia

Transcultural adaptation of the revised caregiving appraisal scale (RCAS) in the Spanish population

Appraisal, coping, hardiness, and self‐perceived health in community‐dwelling spouse caregivers of persons with dementia

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