A Constitutive Model for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Resin Laminate under Compression Load: Considering the Initial Non-linearity

Zhong, Jianlan; Zhao, Changfang; Ren, Ji‐Chang; Liu, Xinxin; Zhang, Zhendong

doi:10.1007/s10443-021-09979-8

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, increasing the size and amount of nanotubes causes matrix defects such as agglomeration and voids, reducing the strength of the fiber-matrix interface, and as a result, the critical buckling load decreases. Zhong et al, 21 on the other hand, have said that the micro defects occurring in the matrix structure during manufacturing affect the macro behavior of the polymer composite material. Experimental studies on the carbon nanotube reinforced composite materials were examined in the literature and it was observed that similar increases in the critical buckling load were obtained.…”

Section: Comparison Of Critical Buckling Loads Of Nanoparticle Reinfo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental investigation of buckling behavior of E-glass/epoxy laminated composite materials with multi-walled carbon nanotube under uniaxial compression load

Mutu

Aslan

2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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This study experimentally investigated the effects of nanoparticle reinforcement on the buckling behavior of composite materials. Different sizes of carboxylic acid functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes were used as nanoparticles. E-glass fiber-reinforced composite materials with polymer matrix in the [0°/90°/0°/90°]s cross-ply array with and without carbon nanotube reinforcement were produced by hand lay-up and vacuum bagging. Three types of carbon nanotubes in different sizes and proportions of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, and 0.5% by weight were added to the epoxy resin. For the buckling test, the samples with two clamped and two free sides were attached to the universal testing machine to apply a uniaxial compressive load. As a result of the experiments, it was found that the addition of carbon nanotube in certain proportions increases the critical buckling load of composite materials. The highest increase in the critical buckling load (26.10% increase) was achieved with a carbon nanotube reinforcement of 0.2% by weight, having an outer diameter of 10–20 nm, internal diameter of 5–10 nm, and length of 0.5–2 mm. As the carbon nanotube sizes added to the epoxy resin decreased, the buckling strength increased.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Critical Buckling Loads Of Nanoparticle Reinfo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of buckling behavior of E-glass/epoxy laminated composite materials with multi-walled carbon nanotube under uniaxial compression load

Mutu

Aslan

2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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“…On this basis, the three-dimensional incremental Hashin failure criterion 2,29 (referring to Appendix C) has been introduced to obtain the mechanical behavior of unidirectional single-layer CFRP with linear elastic and brittle failure. This constitutive model does not consider any nonlinear effects caused by strain rate, temperature, material defects and failure.…”

Section: Basic Incremental Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) is currently the most widely used advanced fiber composite material. It has excellent mechanical properties, such as high specific stiffness, specific strength and specific energy absorption, [1][2][3] and is commonly used in the occasions with high lightweight demand in the new energy vehicles, aerospace equipment and aircraft. It is worth noting that in these applications, not only the lightweight performance of CFRP is valued, but also its high stiffness/ strength and energy absorption capacity, because the main role of CFRP is load-bearing, as well as have the function of impact protection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, it should be noted that in the experimental results of quasistatic compression, the stress-strain curve of epoxy resin shows nonlinear characteristics at the initial stage, 19 which will lead to the initial nonlinear behavior of CFRP. 2,20 Therefore, in addition to considering the thermomechanical coupling effect of instantaneous impact temperature generation at high strain rate, the initial nonlinear effect at a low strain rate also needs to be considered in order to form a complete and accurate mechanical behavior of CFRP. Although there are other problems to consider for the CFRP laminates, such as intralaminar damage, delamination evolution, microscopic failure modes, 21,22 etc., the present paper focuses only on the macroscopic thermomechanical coupling problems related to strain rate and temperature rise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complete constitutive model of CFRP including continuous damage in low strain rate compression and temperature generation in high strain rate impact

Zhao,

Zhong,

Wang

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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This paper reports a method to construct the complete constitutive model of carbon fiber‐reinforced plastic (CFRP) by distinguishing the strain rate state and modifying the material stiffness. In quasistatic (low strain rate) compression, the initial nonlinear effect caused by the material defects was described by introducing an nonlinear increasing factor. In dynamic (high strain rate) impact, the nonlinear strengthening effect was described by introducing the dynamic amplification factors of stress and strain based on the reference state. Considering the instantaneous temperature rise obtained from the impact work–temperature generation equation and the influence of temperature on modulus and strength, the coupled thermomechanical constitutive models combining the strain rate effect and the temperature effect were established. The user‐defined material subroutines (VUMAT) were developed, and then these constitutive models were verified by finite element analysis (FEA). Finally, the developed material subroutine was applied to predict the impact penetration of CFRP laminates, and the results show that the opening holes, damage and energy dissipation are in good agreement with the reference experiment. This work comprehensively analyzed the construction method of CFRP constitutive models, which would provide a guidance for the coupled thermomechanical behavior under dynamic impact.Highlights An anisotropic continuum mechanical constitutive behavior considering strain rate effect and damage evolution behavior was established. A macroscopic anisotropic constitutive model including the coupled impact temperature generation‐mechanical behavior was established. Combined with the incremental finite element method, the three‐dimensional user‐defined material subroutines (VUMAT) were developed and verified. The thermomechanical impact penetration behaviors of CFRP laminates was predicted, and the stress field, temperature field and failure characteristics were visualized.

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The effects of ply clustering positions and orientations on multi‐directional composite laminates' low velocity impact resistance

Tang,

Ren,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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In this paper, nine different carbon fiber laminates containing clusters are designed using the ant colony ACO algorithm, which have similar equivalent bending stiffnesses and B‐matrices, with the differences being the fiber orientation of the clusters and the position of the clusters in the laminates. The dynamic mechanical characterization of laminates for low velocity impact (LVI) at three different energies was carried out by means of a falling weight impact experiment. The experimental results show that the main form of failure of the laminate is delamination failure at low energy impacts, and shear fracture becomes more and more obvious with the elevation of the impact energy, which was observed in detail by the stereo microscope and electron microscope. The damage area of the laminate and the force and displacement curves after 30 J energy impact were compared by x‐ray scanning to derive the effects of the angle of the ply cluster fibers and the different positions of the ply clusters in the laminate on the impact resistance of the laminate. In conclusion, when designing the laminate, consideration should be given to designing 45° clusters on the impacted side and 90° clusters in the middle layer of the laminate to obtain the best impact resistance.Highlights Designed 9 types of laminates with different laminate structures based on ACO algorithm. Different laminates have similar equivalent bending stiffnesses and the B matrix as close to 0 as possible. LVI tests at three energies were performed on 9 types of laminates. The effects of different orientations of the clusters and the position of the clusters in the laminate on the impact resistance of the laminate were investigated.

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A Constitutive Model for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Resin Laminate under Compression Load: Considering the Initial Non-linearity

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Experimental investigation of buckling behavior of E-glass/epoxy laminated composite materials with multi-walled carbon nanotube under uniaxial compression load

Experimental investigation of buckling behavior of E-glass/epoxy laminated composite materials with multi-walled carbon nanotube under uniaxial compression load

Complete constitutive model of CFRP including continuous damage in low strain rate compression and temperature generation in high strain rate impact

The effects of ply clustering positions and orientations on multi‐directional composite laminates' low velocity impact resistance

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