A constitutive model for developing blood clots with various compositions and their nonlinear viscoelastic behavior

Kempen, Ths Thomas van; Donders, Wouter P.; Vosse, F.N. van de; Peters, Gwm Gerrit

doi:10.1007/s10237-015-0686-9

Cited by 47 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A constitutive model has been proposed to describe the time-dependent, nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of fibrin networks in large amplitude oscillatory shear deformation. The model describes the softening, strain stiffening, and increasing viscous dissipation that occur during multiple deformation cycles [105, 106]. The mechanical properties of fibrin gels under uniaxial strains have been analyzed at low fibrin concentrations, which revealed the strain-hardening properties of fibrin gels for strain amplitude below 5%.…”

Section: Modeling Fibrin Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrin mechanical properties and their structural origins

2017

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Fibrin is a protein polymer that is essential for hemostasis and thrombosis, wound healing, and several other biological functions and pathological conditions that involve extracellular matrix. In addition to molecular and cellular interactions, fibrin mechanics has been recently shown to underlie clot behavior in the highly dynamic intra- and extravascular environment. Fibrin has both elastic and viscous properties. Perhaps the most remarkable rheological feature of the fibrin network is an extremely high elasticity and stability despite very low protein content. Another important mechanical property that is common to many filamentous protein polymers but not other polymers is stiffening occurring in response to shear, tension, or compression. New data has begun to provide a structural basis for the unique mechanical behavior of fibrin that originates from its complex multi-scale hierarchical structure. The mechanical behavior of the whole fibrin gel is governed largely by the properties of single fibers and their ensembles, including changes in fiber orientation, stretching, bending, and buckling. The properties of individual fibrin fibers are determined by the number and packing arrangements of double-stranded half-staggered protofibrils, which still remain poorly understood. It has also been proposed that forced unfolding of sub-molecular structures, including elongation of flexible and relatively unstructured portions of fibrin molecules, can contribute to fibrin deformations. In spite of a great increase in our knowledge of the structural mechanics of fibrin, much about the mechanisms of fibrin's biological functions remains unknown. Fibrin deformability is not only an essential part of the biomechanics of hemostasis and thrombosis, but also a rapidly developing field of bioengineering that uses fibrin as a versatile biomaterial with exceptional and tunable biochemical and mechanical properties.

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Section: Modeling Fibrin Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrin mechanical properties and their structural origins

2017

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“…In the literature, there are some inconsistencies among measurements of maximum clot stiffness. Using the laser speckle rheology method, Tripathy et al (for human blood) and Kempen et al (for porcine blood) measured a clot stiffness of ~700 Pa, whereas Kaibara et al measured a clot stiffness of approximately 200‐300 Pa for human blood by using a custom linear shear oscillatory rheometer. We attempted to employ a standard commercial rotational rheometer (HR‐2; TA Instruments) for additional measurement of clot firmness, but it did not produce reliable or repeatable results, owing to the need for careful management of the contact and free surface conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of blood coagulation with non‐contact drop oscillation rheometry

Hosseinzadeh

Brugnara

Emani

et al. 2019

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

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Background Thromboelastography is widely used as a tool to assess the coagulation status of critical‐care patients. It allows observation of changes in the material properties of whole blood brought about by clot formation and clot lysis. However, contact activation of the coagulation cascade at surfaces of thromboelastographic systems leads to inherent variability and unreliability in predicting bleeding or thrombosis risks, while also requiring large sample volumes. Objectives To develop a non‐contact drop oscillation rheometry (DOR) method to measure the viscoelastic properties of blood clots and to compare the results with current laboratory standard measurements. Methods Drops of human blood and plasma (5‐10 μL) were acoustically levitated. Acoustic field modulation induced drop shape oscillations, and the viscoelastic properties of the sample were calculated by measuring the resonance frequency and damping ratio. Results DOR showed sensitivity to coagulation parameters. An increase in platelet count resulted in an increase in the maximum clot stiffness. An increase in the calcium ion level enhanced the coagulation rate prior to saturation. An increase in hematocrit resulted in a higher rate of clot formation and increased clot stiffness. Comparison of the results with those obtained with thromboelastography showed that coagulation started sooner with DOR, but with a lower rate and lower maximum stiffness. Conclusions DOR can be used as a monitoring tool to assess blood coagulation status. The advantages of small sample size, the lack of contact and small strain (linear viscoelasticity) makes this technique unique for real‐time monitoring of blood coagulation.

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“…This core is cove with a shell consisting of loosely packed and partially activated platelets, allowing interstitial blood flow through. Hence, a thrombus can be considered as porous medium exhibiting viscoelastic behavior with a fibrous network contributing to both the viscous and the elastic properties [31,45,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A three-dimensional phase-field model for multiscale modeling of thrombus biomechanics in blood vessels

Zheng

Yazdani

et al. 2020

PLoS Comput Biol

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Mechanical interactions between flowing and coagulated blood (thrombus) are crucial in dictating the deformation and remodeling of a thrombus after its formation in hemostasis. We propose a fully-Eulerian, three-dimensional, phase-field model of thrombus that is calibrated with existing in vitro experimental data. This phase-field model considers spatial variations in permeability and material properties within a single unified mathematical framework derived from an energy perspective, thereby allowing us to study effects of thrombus microstructure and properties on its deformation and possible release of emboli under different hemodynamic conditions. Moreover, we combine this proposed thrombus model with a particle-based model which simulates the initiation of the thrombus. The volume fraction of a thrombus obtained from the particle simulation is mapped to an input variable in the proposed phase-field thrombus model. The present work is thus the first computational study to integrate the initiation of a thrombus through platelet aggregation with its subsequent viscoelastic responses to various shear flows. This framework can be informed by clinical data and potentially be used to predict the risk of diverse thromboembolic events under physiological and pathological conditions.

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A constitutive model for developing blood clots with various compositions and their nonlinear viscoelastic behavior

Cited by 47 publications

References 47 publications

Fibrin mechanical properties and their structural origins

Fibrin mechanical properties and their structural origins

Monitoring of blood coagulation with non‐contact drop oscillation rheometry

A three-dimensional phase-field model for multiscale modeling of thrombus biomechanics in blood vessels

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