Compared with traditional equal-section pile, the nodular parts of nodular pile expand the contact area between the pile and foundation soil, which can greatly improve the bearing capacity of pile foundation and increase the stability of pile body structure. In this paper, the mechanism of pile-soil interaction in the construction of vortex-compression nodular pile is studied with the purpose of evaluating the compressive capacity of nodular piles. Through the indoor model test and ABAQUS numerical simulation analysis, the compressive characteristics of 12 types of vortex-compression nodular pile are obtained, and the variation rules of the parameters of the compressive characteristics of vortex-compression nodular piles are quantitatively analyzed, including the failure pattern of foundation soil, load-settlement relationship, and load transfer law of vortex-compression nodular piles. The results showed that the compressive capacity of vortex-compression nodular piles has significant advantages over that of traditional equal-section piles. Based on the results of the indoor model test and numerical simulation, the calculation method and formula of the compressive capacity of vortex-compression nodular piles are given by modifying the corresponding calculation formula of traditional nodular piles. The new method and formula are more in line with the actual working conditions and provide theoretical and data support for the further engineering application of vortex-compression nodular piles.