The massification of higher education in Ukraine is a fact while financing the system is still an issue. External pressures from the Central government and the market require changes in university governance. Europeanization of educational system and adherence to the principles laid down by the Bologna declaration add to already existing challenges faced by universities. This paper states that there is no one right prescription for changing governance in Ukraine's universities, because they differ in their history, location, culture, organizational structure, student body, faculty, and educational process and content. It proposes different approaches to the different types of the universities, considering universities as collegiums and bureaucracies, and suggests the political system as a viable form of organizational structure for the task of reforming universities.Key words: governance, higher education, reform, university, Ukraine 3
IntroductionUkraine, along with many other European countries, reforms its higher education in order to increase its effectiveness and efficiency and meet the changing demands of the market economy. The reform is based in part on the principles of the Bologna declaration. The process of reform faces many challenges, including defining the new role of the state in the education sector, establishment of the university autonomy, and further development of private education.The need for structural changes is obvious as the Bologna declaration and the Lisbon convention require development of a three-tier system of academic degrees, including bachelors, masters, and PhD, for successful integration into the European educational space.The massification of higher education in Ukraine is a fact while financing still an issue.Legacy of the Soviet educational system also poses some challenges. External pressures from the Central government and the market require changes in university governance. Europeanization of higher education and conformity with the unified Euro standards explain the presence of yet additional, international, external pressure. As demand on different specialties changes, state and private colleges and universities adopt curricula and change their offerings accordingly.University governance has to be reformed to be able to address the need for flexibility and responsiveness to the public demands, and at the same time comply with the state regulations and demands of the European educational community. This paper argues that there is no single correct prescription for changing governance in Ukraine's colleges and universities, since they differ in their history, location, culture, organizational structure, student body, faculty, and educational process, and content. It proposes different approaches to the different types of universities, considering universities as collegiums 4 and bureaucracies, and suggests the political system as a viable form of organizational structure for reforming universities.
Classification of higher education institutions in UkraineThe science and...