Many applications in decision making under uncertainty and probabilistic risk assessment require the assessment of multiple, dependent uncertain quantities, so that in addition to marginal distributions, interdependence needs to be modelled in order to properly understand the overall risk. Nevertheless, relevant historical data on dependence information are often not available or simply too costly to obtain. In this case, the only sensible option is to elicit this uncertainty through the use of expert judgements. In expert judgement studies, a structured approach to eliciting variables of interest is desirable so that their assessment is methodologically robust. One of the key decisions during the elicitation process is the form in which the uncertainties are elicited. This choice is subject to various, potentially conflicting, desiderata related to e.g. modelling convenience, coherence between elicitation parameters and the model, combining judgements, and the assessment burden for the experts. While extensive and systematic guidance to address these considerations exists for single variable uncertainty elicitation, for higher dimensions very little such guidance is available. Therefore this paper offers a systematic review of the current literature on eliciting dependence. The literature on the elicitation of dependence parameters such as correlations is presented alongside commonly used dependence models and experience from case studies. From this, guidance about the strategy for dependence assessment is given and gaps in the existing research are identified to determine future directions for structured methods to elicit dependence. (Anca M. Hanea), O.MoralesNapoles@tudelft.nl (Oswaldo Morales-Nápoles) cause variables in the model are correlated, or indirectly when an uncertainty analysis of model parameters is carried out to explore model robustness. Both cases exhibit complex interrelations and dependencies which need to be considered if assumptions such as independence are not 10 justifiable.However, it is often not straightforward to either model or quantify dependence. In particular whenever no relevant historical data are available, the only sensible way to achieve uncertainty quantification is through eliciting ex-15