A contribution to simulating a three-dimensional larynx model using the finite element method

Abstract

A three-dimensional model is presented to simulate the larynx during vocalization. The finite element method is used to calculate the airflow velocity and pressure along the larynx as well as tissue displacement. It is assumed that the larynx tissue is transversely isotropic and divided into three tissues: cover, ligament, and body. A contact-impact algorithm is incorporated to deal with the physics of the collision between both true vocal folds. The results show that the simulated larynx can reproduce the vertical and horizontal phase difference in the tissue movements and that the false vocal folds affect the pressure distribution over the larynx surfaces. The effects of exciting the larynx with different pressure drops are also investigated.

Computational Simulations of Vocal Fold Vibration: Bernoulli Versus Navier–Stokes

“…A few examples of higher dimensional models include onedimensional flow models with two-dimensional vocal fold models, 5 two-dimensional flow models with one-dimensional vocal fold models, 6 twodimensional fluid and solid models, 7,8 quasi-threedimensional fluid and solid models, 9,10 and fully-three-dimensional models. 11 The ''quasithree-dimensional'' models are here labeled as such because glottal flow was treated as an assembly of two-dimensional frontal planes and vocal fold anterior-posterior motion was disallowed, the latter condition resulting in numerical stiffening of the vocal fold domain. 12 In this research, the benefits of combining a highorder vocal fold model with a low-order fluid model are sought.…”

A computational study of the effect of vocal-fold asymmetry on phonation

“…Compared with models where both the airflow and vocal fold are modeled as continuum ͑Alipour and Titze, 1997;de Oliveira Rosa et al, 2003;Thomson et al, 2005;Tao et al, 2006;Luo et al, 2008;Zheng et al, 2009;Luo et al, 2009͒, this Navier-Stokes-two-mass model has the advantage of providing a good physical description of glottal aerodynamics at a reduced computational cost.…”

Flow over a membrane-covered, fluid-filled cavity

“…Experimental models have included continuum models [11] and models of the epithelium and superficial lamina propria [12][13][14]. Computational models have ranged from reduced-order models that represent the vocal folds as systems of spring-coupled masses driven by one-dimensional flow models [15], to more complex two-and three-dimensional finite element models [11,[16][17][18][19][20].…”