Fabrication
of a phase junction in the photocatalyst is one of the efficient strategies
for enhancement of the photocatalytic activity. However, research
on the relation between phase composition and photocatalytic property
of WO3 is limited because of the barely controllable phase
transition process from monoclinic to hexagonal phase. A facile sol–gel
synthesis of a composition tunable hexagonal/monoclinic-WO3 (h/m-WO3) phase junction with K2SO4 as stabilizing agent is developed. X-ray powder diffraction, scanning
electron microscopy, UV–Raman, high-resolution transmission
electron microscopy, and UV–vis diffusion reflectance spectroscopy
are employed to investigate the structures, morphologies, crystalline
phases, phase composition, and optical properties of the as-prepared
samples. Contents of the hexagonal phase in the WO3 samples
can be precisely adjusted in a wide range from 0 to 71.1 wt % by regulating the K2SO4 amount, the calcination temperature, and the calcination
time. Degradation of rhodamine B of samples indicates that the reaction
rate depends significantly on the contents of the hexagonal/monoclinic
phase in the WO3 samples. A 7.4 times enhancement in the
reaction rate is observed for the h/m-WO3 sample with 71.1
wt % h-WO3 than the pure m-WO3. The increased
photocatalytic activity is attributed to the formation of a phase
junction between h-WO3 and m-WO3, which exhibits
high efficiency of the separation and transfer of photoexcited electron–hole,
as evident from electrochemical impedance spectra results. This work
provides a new insight into the fabrication of a phase composition
designable h/m-WO3 phase junction with high photocatalytic
performance, which benefits the application of WO3 in environmental
protection issues.