A Convenient Route For The Alkoxylation Of Biodiesel And Its Influence On Cold Flow Properties

Mushtaq, Muhammad; Tan, Isa M.; Nadeem, Muhammad; Devi, C. Nirmala; Lee, Susan Y. C.; Sagir, Muhammad

doi:10.1080/15435075.2013.772519

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…87 While considering the lipids as a feedstock for biodiesel production, its fatty acid profile has to be carefully evaluated, as it can affect the properties and stability of the produced biodiesel. 88 Gas chromatography analysis of fatty acid profile of D. salina lipid showed that the highest fatty acid constituent was the unsaturated linolenic acid (C18:2) accounting for 30.26%, followed by linoleic acid (C18:2) at 13.24%. The highest saturated fatty acids constituent was palmitic acid (C16:0) at 18.2%.…”

Section: Materials and Energy Balancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the economic feasibility of biodiesel production from microalgal biomass via high‐value products coproduction

et al. 2020

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Summary Microalgal biodiesel has emerged as a promising fuel source, but has still not been adopted commercially. One of the several inherent challenges is its high production cost, which mandates the need to develop an integrated process to produce other valuable coproducts economically. This article combines life cycle assessment and preliminary life cycle cost assessment of a proposed biorefinery, in which a high value product, β‐carotene, is coproduced from microalgae with biodiesel. The GaBi 6 environmental management software was employed to investigate the environmental impact associated with the production life cycle. The mass flow rates and the energy consumed in all stages of biodiesel and β‐carotene coproduction for the functional unit of 1 kg of biodiesel were assessed. When the coproduction of β‐carotene was not taken into consideration, the total energy input for a functional unit of 1.0 kg biodiesel/m2/y and the net energy ratio, that is, energy returned on energy invested were estimated to be 128.1 GWh/y and 0.27, respectively. The life cycle cost analysis showed that although the total production cost associated with coproduction of β‐carotene from Dunaliella salina was higher than that of the sole production of biodiesel, it generates a hiked revenue of up to $37 million/y. Over the system lifetime of 10 years, the sole production of biodiesel showed a loss of US$345 million per functional unit, whereas the coproduction of β‐carotene achieved a net profit of US$120.7 million per functional unit. This work clearly showed that the coproduction of β‐carotene with biodiesel from D. salina overcomes the cost‐ineffectiveness resulting from the production of biodiesel alone.

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Section: Materials and Energy Balancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the economic feasibility of biodiesel production from microalgal biomass via high‐value products coproduction

et al. 2020

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“…Several cold flow properties of the diesel and biodiesel fuel are generally used to classify cold weather performance, in terms of the cloud point (CP) and pour point (PP). Researchers have applied various experimental techniques to investigate the cold flow behavior of biodiesel (CP and PP) production from various feedstocks [28][29][30][31][32]. It was revealed that at the temperatures approaching the beginning of crystal formation, the viscosity rapidly increases, and the viscosity of the blend changes of between biodiesel and the diesel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Laboratory Study of the Effects of Wide Range Temperature on the Properties of Biodiesel Produced from Various Waste Vegetable Oils

Kassem

Çamur

2016

Waste Biomass Valor

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Biodiesel is an attractive alternative fuel for diesel engines produced from vegetable oils or animal fats by transesterification in the presence of a catalyst. The feedstocks used in this experiment for the production of biodiesel were waste frying oil (WFME) waste canola oil (WCME), and their different percentages are referred to as 25-WFME, 50-WFME and 75-WFME. The samples are sourced from Northern Cyprus. Also, biodiesel was produced at Mechanical Engineering research laboratory. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the temperature on the kinematic, dynamic viscosity and density of the biodiesel samples. Also, this paper examines the cold flow properties as well as the kinematic viscosity, cloud point (CP) and pour point (PP) of the produced biodiesel. The density, kinematic viscosity, CP and PP measurements were made according to ASTM standards. The properties of the produced biodiesel such as viscosity and density were measured within temperature ranges 20-270°C in steps of 10°C. The kinematic viscosity, CP and PP were measured within temperature range -10-20°C. In this study, five general correlations were presented for estimating the density and kinematic viscosity of the blends at several temperatures. The experimental investigation showed that CP and PP of WCME increased with an increase in the concentration of WFME. Furthermore, empirical equations for predicting the viscosity, density, CP and PP for biodiesel samples give values in good agreement with experiments. The results obtained show that with the increase of the temperature, kinematic viscosity, dynamic viscosity and density decreased.

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“…The special chemical structures like carbon-chain length, unsaturation/saturation degree, and branching functional groups would affect the fuel characteristics and combustion properties of biodiesel [149,150]. The presence of hydroxyl group, alkoxy group, and epoxy group in the fatty acid chain would lead to biodiesel with higher lubricity as well as good low-temperature properties, according to the previous studies [151].…”

Section: Othersmentioning

confidence: 87%

Development of low-temperature properties on biodiesel fuel: a review

Liu

2015

Int. J. Energy Res.

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Summary The use of biodiesel as a diesel fuel alternative is rapidly increasing. An important aspect of applying this alternative is the transportation and application in cold weather. In this article, different kinds of methods and technologies were briefly reviewed to improve the low‐temperature properties of biodiesel. The compositions of fatty acids would be effectively changed by choosing available material with high content of unsaturated fatty acids or by reducing saturated fatty acids via winterization process. Branched alcohols can be used to change biodiesel structures that improve the low‐temperature properties. As a technically feasible method, there is still a constant demand to search cost‐effective raw materials for economic branched alcohols production. In order to enhance the impact of crystal morphology and decrease freezing point, the blending chemical additives and petroleum fuels would be a promising method that have been widely used. Besides, other treatments such as epoxidation, hydroisomerization, and ozonization were also discussed. However, each method applied for improving low‐temperature properties of biodiesel should be effective and economical so that the biodiesel would continue to compete with fossil and other renewable fuels for market share. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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A Convenient Route For The Alkoxylation Of Biodiesel And Its Influence On Cold Flow Properties

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Improving the economic feasibility of biodiesel production from microalgal biomass via high‐value products coproduction

Improving the economic feasibility of biodiesel production from microalgal biomass via high‐value products coproduction

A Laboratory Study of the Effects of Wide Range Temperature on the Properties of Biodiesel Produced from Various Waste Vegetable Oils

Development of low-temperature properties on biodiesel fuel: a review

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