A corpus-based analysis of audio description

Salway, Andrew

doi:10.1163/9789401209564_012

Cited by 59 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…He found that particular form of language used had an impact on the cognitive load of VII. Salway [24] showed a relation between the frequency of words used in VD and the occurrence of the characters, the action and the scene. He found that the observable degree of regularity of words in the VD corpus might facilitate the automatic production of VD.…”

Section: The Nature Of Vdmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ study of blind individuals listening to audio-visual contents

Chapdelaine

2010

Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

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Videodescription (VD) or audio description is added to the sound track of audio-visual contents to make media such as film and television accessible to individuals with visual impairment. VD translates the relevant visual information into auditory information. In our previous users' testing, we found that the need of VD could be quite different depending on the visual disabilities of the participants. In order to better identify those differences, we conducted a study with ten legally blind individuals (with and without residual vision) to observe the type, quantity and frequency of the information needed by them. We learned that the degree of residual vision and the complexity of the content have a significant impact of the required level of VD. This suggests that a tool to render VD should offer a basic level of information, allow enough flexibility to provide more VD if needed, and answer on the fly demands for specific information. These specifications were implanted into an accessible video player.

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Section: The Nature Of Vdmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ study of blind individuals listening to audio-visual contents

Chapdelaine

2010

Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

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“…Resorting very often to case-studies, be it a single film or a limited number of films, scientific publications have discussed various formats and genres (theatre, opera, art, cinema), and specific components, such as characters (Fresno, 2012) or special effects (Matamala and Remael, 2015), to name just two. Corpus research on the features of the specific language of audio description has been more limited: Salway (2007) led the TIWO (Television Into Words) project, in which 91 scripts in British English were collected and analysed to elucidate the specific features of the language of AD. Part of the TIWO corpus was also analysed by Arma (2011), who focused on adjectives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One short film, different audio descriptions. Analysing the language of audio descriptions created by students and professionals

Matamala

2018

Onomázein

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One short film, different audio descriptions. Analysing the language of audio descriptions created by students and professionals 186 Audio description is an access service that translates visuals into words which are then received auditorily by end users. This article aims to compare audio descriptions created by professionals and by students in Spanish, in order to identify commonalities and divergences, if any. Part of the VIW corpus is used to that end. Although limited in size, the VIW corpus is the first open-access multilingual multimodal corpus of audio descriptions, including various audio descriptions of the same visual input, namely the short film "What happens while". The analysis presented in this paper focuses on quantitative data such as the number of words, number of AD units and sentences, as well as on the distribution of word classes. Where relevant, data are compared to general language corpora so as to highlight the specificities of the language of audio description. The paper also compares the most frequent words used by both groups, and a selection of semantic classes automatically retrieved is analysed. This article provides new insights into the language of audio description and shows the research potential of the VIW corpus.

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“…So far AD has mostly been investigated from the perspective of accessibility, i.e., enabling the visually impaired access to audiovisual productions by describing important scene elements (see for example Ciborowski [2008], Díaz [2004], Greening and Rolph [2007], and Schmeidler and Kirchner [2001]). Within the framework of accessibility, the predominant focus of various research studies on AD has been placed on feature films [Benecke 1997;Bourne and Hurtado 2007;Braun 2008;Finbow 2010;Commission 2000;Kruger 2010;Orero 2007;Remael and Vercauteren * e-mail: ikrejtz@swps.edu.pl 2007;Salway 2007;Vercauteren 2007] and on theatre [Fryer 2010;Holland 2008;Udo and Fels 2009;Udo and Fels 2010]. A handful of studies have addressed the topic of AD in the opera, museums, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Audio description as an aural guide of children's visual attention

Krejtz¹,

Szarkowska

Krejtz³

et al. 2012

Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications

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Audio description (AD) has become a cultural revolution for the visually impaired; however, the range of AD beneficiaries can be much broader. We claim that AD is useful for guiding children's attention. The paper presents an eye-tracking study testing the usefulness of AD in selective attention to described elements of a video scene. Forty-four children watched 2 clips from an educational animation series while their eye movements were recorded. Average fixation duration, fixation count, and saccade amplitude served as primary dependent variables. The results confirmed that AD guides children's attention towards described objects resulting e.g., in more fixations on specific regions of interest. We also evaluated eye movement patterns in terms of switching between focal and ambient processing. We postulate that audio description could complement regular teaching tools for guiding and focusing children's attention, especially when new concepts are introduced.

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A corpus-based analysis of audio description

Cited by 59 publications

References 7 publications

In-situ study of blind individuals listening to audio-visual contents

In-situ study of blind individuals listening to audio-visual contents

One short film, different audio descriptions. Analysing the language of audio descriptions created by students and professionals

Audio description as an aural guide of children's visual attention

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