“…Especially, our system resolves certain technical variations of a PN (e.g. "TGF-α, TGF-alpha, TGF alpha, TGF-a, TGFa", "IGF-2, IGF2, IGF-II, IGF II") using a simple statistical method (Su et al 1994), and it can convert each PN within bio-texts to its representative acronym using an acronym-synonyms list, each of which was connected to its related entry in the PN dictionary. Our dictionary-based tagger was embedded in the Stanford NLP parser (Klein and Manning 2002) so that each sentence of the original texts in a corpus was parsed and represented as its list form (which, henceforth, we call the "bio-parse tree") with two additional taggers (one, ||, for the PN and the other, || ||, for the IV) as in the following examples.…”