A correlation between the hydrophilicity of a metal and its surface tension. Calculation of the bond energy of water molecules adsorbed on an uncharged metal surface

Afanas'ev, B. N.; Akulova, Yu. P.

doi:10.1007/bf02766735

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Second, it is also known that the hexagonal Zn(0001) surface plane that is preferentially exposed to the electrolyte (Figure b) is highly hydrophilic. , As a consequence, the contact angle at the gas–liquid–solid interface is relatively small. Accordingly, the mean residence time of H 2 bubbles at the dynamic solid–liquid interface and the so-called bubble break-off diameter, d 0 , are reduced in the case of Zn.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to CO on Zn-Based Foams Produced by Cu²⁺ and Template-Assisted Electrodeposition

Moreno‐García

Schlegel

Zanetti

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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In this work, we aim to develop a Zn-based metal foam catalyst with very large specific area suitable for efficient CO production. Its manufacture is based on the dynamic hydrogen bubble template method that consists of the superposition of metal deposition and hydrogen evolution at the solid-liquid interface. We employed Cu ions in the Zn-rich electroplating bath as foaming agent. The concentration of Cu as foaming agent was systematically studied and an optimized ZnCu foam alloy was developed, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the most selective Zn-based CO electrocatalyst toward CO in aqueous bicarbonate solution (FE = 90% at -0.95 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode). This high efficiency is ascribed to the combination of high density of low-coordinated active sites and preferential Zn(101) over Zn(002) texturing. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigations demonstrate that the actual catalyst material is shaped upon reduction of an oxide/hydroxide-terminating surface under CO electrolysis conditions. Moreover, intentional stressing by oxidation at room conditions proved to be beneficial for further activation of the catalyst. Identical location scanning electron microscopy imaging before and after CO electrolysis and long-term electrolysis experiments also showed that the developed ZnCu foam catalyst is both structurally and chemically stable at reductive conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to CO on Zn-Based Foams Produced by Cu²⁺ and Template-Assisted Electrodeposition

Moreno‐García

Schlegel

Zanetti

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Therefore, the hydrophilicity of the present samples was measured in order to assess its influence on their performance. Since the contact angle measurements on rough materials are very critical [ 50 ], following [ 20 ], the time necessary to spread completely a water drop onto the sample surface was used to quantify the hydrophilicity (the shorter this time, the more hydrophilic the material). Hydrophilicity was found to increase in the order S_GA < S_GA_Fe < S_GA_Cu < S_GA_FeCu ( Table 5 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effects of Active Sites’ Nature and Hydrophilicity on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity of Pt-Free Catalysts

et al. 2018

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This work highlights the importance of the hydrophilicity of a catalyst’s active sites on an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) through an electrochemical and physico-chemical study on catalysts based on nitrogen-modified carbon doped with different metals (Fe, Cu, and a mixture of them). BET, X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD), micro-Raman, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM), and hydrophilicity measurements were performed. All synthesized catalysts are characterized not only by a porous structure, with the porosity distribution centered in the mesoporosity range, but also by the presence of carbon nanostructures. In iron-doped materials, these nanostructures are bamboo-like structures typical of nitrogen carbon nanotubes, which are better organized, in a larger amount, and longer than those in the copper-doped material. Electrochemical ORR results highlight that the presence of iron and nitrogen carbon nanotubes is beneficial to the electroactivity of these materials, but also that the hydrophilicity of the active site is an important parameter affecting electrocatalytic properties. The most active material contains a mixture of Fe and Cu.

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“…The hydrophilicities of lead and bismuth are close; therefore, we can believe that the adsorption parameters of surfactants, which were determined on bismuth, can be used for the analysis of experimental data on lead [5]. It is known [14] that lead considerably corrodes in acetic acid solution.…”

Section: Fundamental Equations For Calculating Thermodynamic Parametementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in spite of many studies of the mechanism of surfactant action on the corrosion rate [1][2][3][4][5], the problem is far from being solved, because the adsorption of surfactants at a metal electrode has not yet been sufficiently investigated.The adsorption of surfactants from bulk solution at the metal or oxide surface is always a complex process [6] that involves squeezing an organic molecule from the bulk to the interface, desorbing solvent from the metal or its oxide, and, lastly, forming a bond between the molecule and the surface. The surfactant concentration in the bulk solution is low; therefore, the adsorption isotherm is commonly [1, 2, 6-8] presented as follows…”

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The effect of thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption surfactants by lead on the lead?s corrosion rate

2005

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Surfactants are widely used as corrosion inhibitors. However, in spite of many studies of the mechanism of surfactant action on the corrosion rate [1][2][3][4][5], the problem is far from being solved, because the adsorption of surfactants at a metal electrode has not yet been sufficiently investigated.The adsorption of surfactants from bulk solution at the metal or oxide surface is always a complex process [6] that involves squeezing an organic molecule from the bulk to the interface, desorbing solvent from the metal or its oxide, and, lastly, forming a bond between the molecule and the surface. The surfactant concentration in the bulk solution is low; therefore, the adsorption isotherm is commonly [1, 2, 6-8] presented as follows(1)where c org and X org are the molar concentration (mol/l) and the mole fraction of surfactant ( c org /55.5), respectively; B is the adsorption constant; ∆ is the standard free energy of adsorption in the case of conventional asymmetrical choice of standard state (assuming that the surfactant activity coefficient reaches a limit equal to unity at infinite dilution); θ is the surface coverage with surfactant species, and f ( θ ) is a function of θ .From (1), it is seen thatIn electrochemistry, it is commonly believed [7, 8] that parameter ∆ characterizes the energy of organicHowever, this is not true. The metal surface coverage with adsorbed molecules is always determined by two effects: the squeezing of surfactant molecule to the interface and the formation of adsorbed molecule-metal bond. The squeezing force is based on hydrogen bonds between water molecules which are broken by the hydrocarbon part of a surfactant molecule. Tending to restore their bonds, water molecules squeeze SA-molecule to the surface. The component of ∆ associated with this process, is determined by the bulk properties of surfactant-water system.In this work, for several surfactants, we will determine those thermodynamic parameters that characterize the adsorbed molecules-metal surface bond, and study the effect of these parameters on the lead corrosion rate. FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS FOR CALCULATING THERMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS OF SURFACTANTSIt is known [9, 10] that the physical essence of standard Gibbs energy characterizing surfactant adsorption depends on the chosen standard state. The choice of symmetrical standard state instead of the aforementioned asymmetrical one means the assumption that the activity coefficient of organic substance γ org 1 at X org 1 [9]. This standard state corresponds [10, 11]Abstract -For several surfactants, free energies of adsorption ∆ are calculated relative to a symmetrically chosen standard state. It is shown that they characterize the strength of organic molecule-metal bond. The effect of these surfactants on active corrosion of lead in acetic acid solution, as well as correlation between the inhibition coefficient and the free energy of adsorption ∆ , is studied by measuring the polarization resistance. The corrosion rate of lead in acetic acid solution with and without adding sur...

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A correlation between the hydrophilicity of a metal and its surface tension. Calculation of the bond energy of water molecules adsorbed on an uncharged metal surface

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to CO on Zn-Based Foams Produced by Cu²⁺ and Template-Assisted Electrodeposition

Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to CO on Zn-Based Foams Produced by Cu²⁺ and Template-Assisted Electrodeposition

Synergistic Effects of Active Sites’ Nature and Hydrophilicity on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity of Pt-Free Catalysts

The effect of thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption surfactants by lead on the lead?s corrosion rate

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A correlation between the hydrophilicity of a metal and its surface tension. Calculation of the bond energy of water molecules adsorbed on an uncharged metal surface

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to CO on Zn-Based Foams Produced by Cu2+ and Template-Assisted Electrodeposition

Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to CO on Zn-Based Foams Produced by Cu2+ and Template-Assisted Electrodeposition

Synergistic Effects of Active Sites’ Nature and Hydrophilicity on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity of Pt-Free Catalysts

The effect of thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption surfactants by lead on the lead?s corrosion rate

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Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to CO on Zn-Based Foams Produced by Cu²⁺ and Template-Assisted Electrodeposition

Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to CO on Zn-Based Foams Produced by Cu²⁺ and Template-Assisted Electrodeposition