A cosmesis outcome substudy in a prospective, randomized trial comparing radioguided seed localization with standard wire localization for nonpalpable, invasive, and in situ breast carcinomas

Breast‐specific factors determine cosmetic outcome and patient satisfaction after breast‐conserving therapy: Results from the randomized COBALT study

“…Over the past ten years, several authors have included breast‐specific factors in questionnaires that recorded overall good/excellent cosmetic outcome or satisfaction at rates of 76‐84% . In 2014, Parvez et al stated that one third of patients reported a large to moderate difference in breast size and shape three years after surgery.…”

“…Nowadays, studies of patient opinion on cosmetic results are generally based on institutional questionnaires that focus on breast‐specific factors, although the number and type of questions may vary . Historically, many authors have used a 4‐point Likert scale (excellent/good/fair/poor) to rate breast‐specific factors.…”

Cosmetic outcome and quality of life are inextricably linked in breast‐conserving therapy

“…Although BCT is considered to be the least disfiguring choice in the surgical treatment of breast cancer, fair or poor cosmetic outcomes are still observed in up to one third of all patients and will negatively influence several aspects of QoL . At the current time, it is advisable to use both objective and subjective evaluation methods for cosmetic outcome assessment .…”

Reoperation Costs in Attempted Breast-Conserving Surgery: A Decision Analysis

“…Reoperation rates are highly variable [1][2][3][4][5] , and although there is no evidence that re-excision is detrimental to overall survival 23 , it likely causes patient anxiety, increases surgical complication rates 24 , and contributes to poorer cosmetic results 10,25 . It might also delay the initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy.…”

“…The potential consequences of reoperation include social and psychological stressors, increased morbidity, and inferior cosmetic outcome 10 . Others have suggested that the frequency of reoperation after attempted bcs be considered for use as a quality measure in breast cancer surgery 7,11,12 , in part because of the aforementioned concerns.…”