“…Many studies-self reports, time series designs before and after inauguration of SG, and comparison of nurses in SG versus traditional settingsreport positive effects of professional practice/SG models on variables such as job satisfaction (Vilardo, 1993), job satisfaction and actual and anticipated turnover (Ethridge, 1987;Jones & Sparki, 1989;McDonagh, Rhodes, Sharkey, & Goodroe, 1989;Pinkerton, 1988), increased productivity (McDonagh et al, 1989;Nakata & Saylor, 1994), involvement in nursing and patient care policy (Relf, 1995), and decreased cost (Blaufuss, Maynard, & Schollars, 1992;deBaca, Jones, & Tornabeni, 1993;Pinkerton, 1988;Relf, 1995). Kennerly (1996), on the other hand, found that job satisfaction, anticipated turnover, and perceived effectiveness were not significantly influenced by SG.…”