A Cost-Effective Method of Aerosolizing Dry Powdered Nanoparticles

Tiwari, Andrea J.; Fields, Caleb G.; Marr, Linsey C.

doi:10.1080/02786826.2013.834292

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Dry powder aerosolization (Tiwari et al 2013) diffusion drier to less than 20% relative humidity (RH) prior to sampling by the SP-AMS instrument. The materials were sampled as either polydisperse or monodisperse aerosol, with peak and selected mobility diameters in the range of 100 to 400 nm.…”

Section: Materials and Elecrochemical Research (Mer) Corporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The materials were sampled as either polydisperse or monodisperse aerosol, with peak and selected mobility diameters in the range of 100 to 400 nm. The C 60 material was milled in a nitrogen atmosphere and aerosolized via a dry powder dispersion process (Tiwari et al 2013). The laboratory-based combustion soot particles, generated using either premixed ethylene or methane diffusion flame (Stipe et al 2005) sources, were sub-sampled from the flame effluent, diluted with particle-free air, and mobility size selected prior to measurement.…”

Section: Materials and Elecrochemical Research (Mer) Corporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigations of SP-AMS Carbon Ion Distributions as a Function of Refractory Black Carbon Particle Type

Onasch

Fortner

Trimborn³

et al. 2015

Aerosol Science and Technology

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The soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS) instrument combines continuous wave laser vaporization with electron ionization aerosol mass spectrometry to characterize airborne, refractory black carbon (rBC) particles. The laser selectively vaporizes absorbing rBC-containing particles, allowing the SP-AMS to provide direct chemical information on the refractory and non-refractory chemical components, providing the potential to fingerprint various rBC particle types. In this study, SP-AMS mass spectra were measured for 12 types of rBC particles produced by industrial and combustion processes to explore differences in the carbon cluster (C n C ) mass spectra. The C n C mass spectra were classified into three categories based on their ion distributions, which varied with rBC particle type. The carbon ion distributions were investigated as a function of laser power, electron ionization (on/off), and ion charge (positive or negative). Results indicate that the dominant positive ion-formation mechanism is likely the vaporization of small, neutral carbon clusters followed by electron ionization (C 1 C to C 5 C ). Significant ion signal from larger carbon cluster ions (and their fragment ions in the small carbon cluster range), including mid carbon (C 6 C to C 29 C ) and fullerene (greater than C 30 C ) ions, were observed in soot produced under incomplete combustion conditions, including biomass burning, as well as in fullerene-enriched materials. Fullerene ions were also observed at high laser power with electron ionization turned off, formed via an additional ionization mechanism. We expect this SP-AMS technique to find application in the identification of the source and atmospheric history of airborne ambient rBC particles.

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Section: Materials and Elecrochemical Research (Mer) Corporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials and Elecrochemical Research (Mer) Corporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of SP-AMS Carbon Ion Distributions as a Function of Refractory Black Carbon Particle Type

Onasch

Fortner

Trimborn³

et al. 2015

Aerosol Science and Technology

Self Cite

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“…Pneumatic, ultrasonic, and electrospray atomization are used to produce relatively small primary droplets ranging from 1 to 10 μm in diameter 5 (Biskos et al, 2008). It has a great advantage of producing high particle number concentrations, but the interference of impurities in the solvent is the main limitation of this method (Biskos et al, 2008;Tiwari et al, 2013). An aerosol generator of high stability using syringe pump to provide a constant liquid flow is introduced (Liu and Lee, 1975) and it has been developed and widely used to generate aerosols (Park et al, 2012;Stabile et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard source of atmospheric black carbon aerosol generated from ultrasonic spray of BC suspension

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Black carbon (BC) aerosol has strong radiative forcing and plays an important role in global climate change and human health. A generator with low levels of BC-air is developed in this study for researchers to calibrate BC monitors. Ultrasonic nozzle is applied to atomize BC suspension to produce quantificational BC-air samples which can be 10 used directly as a standard source of BC. Membrane test conducted by balance is used to check up its feasibility. Results show that the relationship of weight increment of membrane and target concentration of BC -air have very good linearity. This confirms that the ultrasonic spray system is a good source to generate standard concentration of BC-air. The device has good feasibility in the BC concentrations range of 0-200 μgm -3 . Multi Angle Absorption Photometer (MAAP) is used to detect the concentration of BC-air generated by the ultrasonic spray of suspension. Target concentrations generated 15 by the device accord with the measured data of MAAP.

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“…Various systems to test inhalation toxicity based on dry generation from powders have been described, among which the acoustic generator (McKinney et al, 2009), the fluidized bed aerosol generator (Nurkiewicz et al, 2008;Noel et al, 2013), the jet mill (Mitchell et al, 2007), the rotating brush generator (RBG) (Bermudez et al, 2004;MaHock et al, 2009), the Wright dust feeder (Pauluhn, 2010) and the low-cost powder disperser (Tiwari et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Characterization of an Inhalation System to Expose Rodents to Nanoaerosols

Cosnier

Bau

Grossmann

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The number of workers potentially exposed to nanoparticles (NPs) in industrial processes is constantly increasing, even though the toxicological effects of these compounds have not yet been fully characterized. The hazards associated with this exposure can be assessed most relevantly by toxicology studies involving inhalation of nanoaerosols by animals.In this paper, we describe and characterize an aerosol generated in a nose-only exposure system used to study the respiratory effects of NPs in rat; this system was designed to meet the most stringent requirements for animal testing in terms of protection of operators against risks associated with NPs and biohazards and to comply with the OECD guidelines for chemical testing.The inhalation facility was fully validated by exposing Fisher 344 rats to TiO 2 P25 aerosols at 10 mg m -3. Aerosol monitoring and in-depth characterization were ensured by real-time devices (condensation particle counter, optical particle sizer, scanning mobility particle sizer, aerodynamic particle sizer and electrical low pressure impactor) and samples taken for off-line analyses (gravimetric analysis, mass size distribution from cascade impactor, TEM observations).The test atmosphere was stable in terms of concentrations and distributions (mass or number) between different inhalation towers on a given day and between days (intra-experiment), as well as between inhalation campaigns (between experiments). In terms of the respiratory deposition profile, preliminary results after exposure for one month indicate that this system is relevant, and should therefore be appropriate for in vivo inhalation toxicity studies.

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A Cost-Effective Method of Aerosolizing Dry Powdered Nanoparticles

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Investigations of SP-AMS Carbon Ion Distributions as a Function of Refractory Black Carbon Particle Type

Investigations of SP-AMS Carbon Ion Distributions as a Function of Refractory Black Carbon Particle Type

Standard source of atmospheric black carbon aerosol generated from ultrasonic spray of BC suspension

Design and Characterization of an Inhalation System to Expose Rodents to Nanoaerosols

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