A Cost-Effective Photonic Radar Under Adverse Weather Conditions for Autonomous Vehicles by Incorporating a Frequency-Modulated Direct Detection Scheme

Sharma, Abhishek; Chaudhary, Sushank; Malhotra, Jyoteesh; Saadi, Muhammad; Otaibi, Sattam Al; Nebhen, Jamel; Wuttisittikulkij, Lunchakorn

doi:10.3389/fphy.2021.747598

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For carrier optical signal is utilised in terms of low power continuous wave laser source. The signal from LFM generator and Laser source is modulated using Mach-Zehnder modulator and resultant signal is known as frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal hence the system is termed as FMCW photonic radar [8]. This output modulated signal is transmitted in free space using telescope to detect and range any target in the line of sight of photonic radar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulative investigation of FMCW based optical photonic radar and its different configurations

Sharma

Malhotra²

2022

Opt Quant Electron

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Intelligent transportation is becoming integral part of future smart cities where driverless operations may provide hassle free conveyance. Photonic radar technology is one such contender to deliver attractive applications in autonomous vehicle sector. In this paper we have discussed the basic principle of frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) photonic radar and their possible advantages. Further the basic detection schemes that is direct detection and coherent detection is explained mathematically as well as numerical simulations to understand workings is also carried out. The obtained results concludes that direct detection scheme provides minimal complexity in its architecture and is sensitive to received signal strength at the cost of thermal noise and poor sensitivity. On the other hand, coherent detection offers higher target range estimation as well as velocity measurement at the expense of increased system complexity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulative investigation of FMCW based optical photonic radar and its different configurations

Sharma

Malhotra²

2022

Opt Quant Electron

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“…Recently, a fusion between photonic-based radar and FMCW-based Photonic radar is also proposed [20] and reported results show enhanced range resolution but the study is limited to single target and in clear atmospheric conditions. Also, the impact of atmospheric turbulence on the direct detection and coherent detection-based FMCW sensors is proposed but with single target [21]- [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Bandwidth on Range Resolution of Multiple Targets Using Photonic Radar

et al. 2022

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Futuristic transportation systems would be requiring more effective sensing system that are not only cost effective but also more efficient in sensing multiple targets while acquiring minimal area and utilizing low input power. To achieve that, frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) based Photonic Radar is proposed. For multiple targets detection, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) scheme is used in conjugation with polarization division multiplexing (PDM) scheme. Impact of varying bandwidth is analyzed upon the performance of the proposed system using numerical simulations. The system is simulated for detecting and ranging over 100 meters by analyzing received echoes and verifying the range frequency with theoretically calculated values while effective operation is measured in terms of received power under varying level of attenuation up to 75 dB/Km under rain and fog conditions. Lastly, the system is replicated for range resolution with four varying operational bandwidths from 600 MHz to 4 GHz. INDEX TERMSFrequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW), photonic radar, polarization division multiplexing (PDM), wavelength division multiplexing (WDM).

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“…In [11], a 4 × 8 Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) photonic radar is demonstrated with each channel having orthogonal linearly frequency modulated signal generated by heterodyne scheme and 2 GHz bandwidth resulted in range resolution of 7.5 cm. Earlier direct detection scheme-based photonic radar is proposed with a range ability of 750 m under adverse atmospheric conditions [12] with minimum input power requirement. Another study [13] demonstrates the use of photonic radar with hexacopter in detecting drone movement proposed with a detection range of 2700 m experimentally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speed-Direction Sensing under Multiple Vehicles Scenario Using燩hotonic燫adars

Sharma¹,

Chaudhary²,

Malhotra³

et al. 2022

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

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Recent reports from World Health Organization (WHO) show the impact of human negligence as a serious concern for road accidents and casualties worldwide. There are number of reasons which led to this negligence; hence, need of intelligent transportation system (ITS) gains more attention from researchers worldwide. For achieving such autonomy different sensors are involved in autonomous vehicles which can sense road conditions and warn the control system about possible hazards. This work is focused on designing one such sensor system which can detect and range multiple targets under the impact of adverse atmospheric conditions. A high-speed Linear Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (LFMCW) based Photonic Radar is proposed to detect multiple targets by integrating Mode division multiplexing (MDM). Reported results in terms of range frequency, Doppler frequency and range resolution are demonstrated using numerical simulations with the bandwidths of 1 and 4 GHz and under adverse atmospheric conditions carrying 75 dB/km of attenuation. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed photonic radar, moving targets are also demonstrated with different speed. System reported substantial range resolution of 15 cm using 1 GHz of bandwidth and 3 cm using 4 GHz of bandwidth.

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A Cost-Effective Photonic Radar Under Adverse Weather Conditions for Autonomous Vehicles by Incorporating a Frequency-Modulated Direct Detection Scheme

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

Simulative investigation of FMCW based optical photonic radar and its different configurations

Simulative investigation of FMCW based optical photonic radar and its different configurations

Impact of Bandwidth on Range Resolution of Multiple Targets Using Photonic Radar

Speed-Direction Sensing under Multiple Vehicles Scenario Using燩hotonic燫adars

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